Effect of particle size on phase transitions of positive active materials made from novel leady oxide during soaking process and its influence on lead-acid battery capacity. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Junxiong; Li, Mingyang; Hu, Jingping; Ke, Yan; Yu, Wenhao; Wang, Zhongyi; Liang, Sha; Xiao, Keke; Hou, Huijie; Yang, Jiakuan
• Is Part Of: Journal of energy storage. Volume 28(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Particle size -- Lead-acid battery -- Soaking process -- Phase transitions -- Positive active materials -- Novel leady oxide; Energy storage -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Research -- Periodicals; 621.3126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2019.101175
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-152X

Abstract

Highlights: Particle size of leady oxide could affect phase transition route during soaking process. Positive correlation between PbO2 content of formed PAMs and initial capacity is proposed. High electrolyte density is proposed for soaking of leady oxide with large particle size. Low electrolyte density is proposed for soaking of leady oxide with small particle size. Abstract: Novel leady oxides with different particle sizes are prepared via pyrolysis of lead citrate in rotary kiln and subsequent ball-milling. The mechanism of how particle size influences the phase transition route of novel leady oxides during soaking process is investigated. PbO with larger particle size (D50 diameter = 22.4 μm) is converted to 3PbO∙PbSO4, and 3PbO∙PbSO4 is then partially transformed to PbO∙PbSO4 while PbO∙PbSO4 are gradually converted to PbSO4. PbO with smaller particle size (D50 diameter = 8.3 μm) is directly converted to PbSO4, and 3PbO∙PbSO4 is partially transformed to PbO∙PbSO4. Phase compositions after the soaking process determine the PbO2 content in positives plates because PbO2 is the oxidation product of PbSO4 in the sequent formation process. Particle size of leady oxides determines the initial capacity of testing cells through affecting the soaking process and a linear correlation between the initial capacity and PbO2 content in positive plates is obtained (R2 = 0.78). Therefore, leady oxides with larger particle size requires higher sulfuric acid density (1.045 g cm −3 ) to achieve an optimized initial capacity (2.17 Ah), while a lower sulfuric density (1.015 g cm −3 ) is recommended for small particle leady oxides to achieve an optimized capacity of 2.58 Ah. Graphical abstract: Image, graphical abstract