Granulomatous lung disease: clinical aspects. (2nd October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chopra, Amit; Avadhani, Vaidehi; Tiwari, Anupama; Riemer, Ellen C; Sica, Gabriel; Judson, Marc A
• Is Part Of: Expert review of respiratory medicine. Volume 14:Number 10(2020)
• Page Start: 1045
• Page End: 1063
• Publication Date: 2020-10-02
• Subjects: Granulomatous lung disease -- diagnosis -- mycobacterium tuberculosis -- non-tubercular mycobacterium -- fungal infections -- sarcoidosis -- granulomatous polyangiitis -- chronic beryllium disease -- hypersensitivity pneumonitis and vasculidities; Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; 616.2005
• DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1794827
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1747-6348

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Granulomatous lung diseases (GLD) are heterogeneous group of diseases that can be broadly categorized as infectious or noninfectious. This distinction is extremely important, as the misdiagnosis of a GLD can have serious consequences. In this manuscript, we describe the clinical manifestations, histopathology, and diagnostic approach to GLD. We propose an algorithm to distinguish infectious from noninfectious GLD. Areas covered: We have searched PubMed and Medline database from 1950 to December 2019, using multiple keywords as described below. Major GLDs covered include those caused by mycobacteria and fungi, sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and vasculidities. Expert opinion: The cause of infectious GLD is usually identified through microbiological culture and molecular techniques. Most noninfectious GLD are diagnosed by clinical and laboratory criteria, often with exclusion of infectious pathogens. Further understanding of the immunopathogenesis of the granulomatous response may allow improved diagnosis and treatment of GLD.