Gut microbiota is associated with metabolic health in children with obesity. Issue 8 (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alcazar, M.; Escribano, J.; Ferré, N.; Closa-Monasterolo, R.; Selma-Royo, M.; Feliu, A.; Castillejo, G.; Luque, V.; Closa-Monasterolo, R.; Escribano, J.; Luque, V.; Feliu-Rovira, A.; Ferré, N.; Muñoz-Hernando, J.; Gutiérrez-Marín, D.; Zaragoza-Jordana, M.; Gispert-Llauradó, M.; Rubio-Torrents, M.C.; Núñez-Roig, M.; Alcázar, M.; Sentís, S.; Esteve, M.; Monné-Gelonch, R.; Basora, J.M.; Flores, G.; Hsu, P.; Rey-Reñones, C.; Alegret, C.; Guillen, N.; Alegret-Basora, C.; Ferre, R.; Arasa, F.; Alejos, A.M.; Diéguez, M.; Serrano, M.A.; Mallafré, M.; González-Hidalgo, R.; Braviz, L.; Resa, A.; Palacios, M.; Sabaté, A.; Simón, L.; Losilla, A.C.; De La Torre, S.; Rosell, L.; Adell, N.; Pérez, C.; Tudela-Valls, C.; Caro-Garduño, R.; Salvadó, O.; Pedraza, A.; Conchillo, J.; Morillo, S.; Garcia, S.; Mur, E.M.; Paixà, S.; Tolós, S.; Martín, R.; Aguado, F.J.; Cabedo, J.L.; Quezada, L.G.; Domingo, M.; Ortega, M.; Garcia, R.M.; Romero, O.; Pérez, M.; Fernández, M.; Villalobos, M.E.; Ricomà, G.; Capell, E.; Bosch, M.; Donado, A.; Sanchis, F.J.; Boix, A.; Goñi, X.; Castilla, E.; Pinedo, M.M.; Supersaxco, L.; Ferré, M.; Contreras, J.; Sanz-Manrique, N.; Lara, A.; Rodríguez, M.; Pineda, T.; Segura, S.; Vidal, S.; Salvat, M.; Mimbrero, G.; Albareda, A.; Guardia, J.; Gil, S.; Lopez, M.; Ruiz-Escusol, S.; Gallardo, S.; Machado, P.; Bocanegra, R.; Espejo, T.; Vendrell, M.; Solé, C.; Urbano, R.; Vázquez, M.T.; Fernández-Antuña, L.; Barrio, M.; Baudoin, A.; González, N.; Olivé, R.; Lara, R.M.; Dinu, C.; Vidal, C.; González, S.; Ruiz-Morcillo, E.; Ainsa, M.E.; Vilalta, P.; Aranda, B.; Boada, A.; Balcells, E.;
• Is Part Of: Clinical nutrition. Volume 41:Issue 8(2022)
• Page Start: 1680
• Page End: 1688
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Childhood obesity -- Microbiota -- Metabolically unhealthy obesity; Critically ill -- Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Parenteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Diétothérapie -- Périodiques; Alimentation parentérale -- Périodiques; Alimentation entérale -- Périodiques; Nutrition -- Périodiques; Diet therapy; Enteral feeding; Nutrition; Parenteral feeding; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.854
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0261-5614

Abstract

Summary: Background and aims: We aimed to describe and characterize the gut microbiota composition and diversity in children with obesity according to their metabolic health status. Methods: Anthropometry, Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, HOMA-IR, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were evaluated (and z-score calculated) and faecal samples were collected from 191 children with obesity aged from 8 to 14. All children were classified depending on their cardiometabolic status in either a "metabolically healthy" (MHO; n = 106) or "metabolically unhealthy" (MUO; n = 85) group. Differences in gut microbiota taxonomies and diversity between groups (MUO vs MHO) were analysed. Alpha diversity index was calculated as Chao1 and Simpson's index, and β-diversity was calculated as Adonis Bray–Curtis index. Spearman's correlations and logistic regressions were performed to study the association between cardiometabolic health and the microbiota. Results: Children in the MUO presented significantly lower alpha diversity and richness than those in the MHO group (Chao1 index p = 0.021, Simpson's index p = 0.045, respectively), whereas microbiota β-diversity did not differ by the cardiometabolic health status (Adonis Bray–Curtis, R 2 = 0.006; p = 0.155). The MUO group was characterized by lower relative abundances of the genera Christensenellaceae R7 group (MHO:1.42% [0.21–2.94]; MUO:0.47% [0.02–1.60], p < 0.004), and Akkermansia (MHO:0.26% [0.01–2.19]; MUO:0.01% [0.00–0.36], p < 0.001) and higher relative abundances of Bacteroides (MHO:10.6% [4.64–18.5]; MUO:17.0% [7.18–27.4], p = 0.012) genus. After the adjustment by sex, age, and BMI, higher Akkermansia (OR: 0.86, CI: 0.75–0.97; p = 0.033), Christensenellaceae R7 group (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 075–0.98; p = 0.031) and Chao1 index (OR: 0.86, CI: 0.96–1.00; p = 0.023) represented a lower risk of the presence of one or more altered cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: Lower proportions of Christensenellaceae and Akkermansia and lower diversity and richness seem to be indicators of a metabolic unhealthy status in children with obesity.