Sjögren's syndrome found with cognitive impairment caused by autoimmune encephalitis: a case report. Issue 1 (January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fukushima, Yosuke; Kobayashi, Takashi; Takaku, Yuki; Sugamori, Yasutaka; Kawata, Yumiko; Ito, Ko; Sato, Tsuyoshi
• Is Part Of: Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, medicine, and pathology. Volume 34:Issue 1(2022)
• Page Start: 72
• Page End: 75
• Publication Date: 2022-01
• Subjects: Sjögren's syndrome -- Cognitive impairment -- Autoimmune encephalitis; Mouth -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Face -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Maxilla -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Oral medicine -- Periodicals; Mouth -- Diseases -- Pathogenesis -- Periodicals; Surgery, Oral -- Periodicals; Oral Medicine -- Periodicals; Pathology, Oral -- Periodicals; Face -- Surgery; Maxilla -- Surgery; Mouth -- Diseases -- Pathogenesis; Mouth -- Surgery; Oral medicine; Electronic journals -- Sciences; Electronic journals -- Medicine; Periodicals; 617.522059
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2021.06.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2212-5566

Abstract

Abstract: A 57-year-old male visited the hospital's internal medicine department with a chief complaint of cognitive impairment for the past month. His Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 23 points, exhibiting mild cognitive impairment. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed no abnormalities; however, positive anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies were detected via bloodwork. To assess the patient for Sjögren's syndrome (SS), the internal medicine department referred the patient to our department. Lip biopsy detected infiltrates of more than 50 lymphocytes surrounding the duct of the minor salivary gland. Furthermore, the patient's brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed a mild blood flow reduction within the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and posterior cingulate gyrus on the right side. Findings from the patient's bloodwork and histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of SS. Other autoimmune diseases did not complicated the diagnosis, and the diagnosis was primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) accompanied by autoimmune encephalitis. After hospitalization by internal medicine physicians, pulse steroid therapy was initiated, and the patient displayed cognitive improvement, with an improvement in the MMSE score to 27 points.