Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020. Issue 10347 (16th July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bryazka, Dana; Reitsma, Marissa B; Griswold, Max G; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen; Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab; Abdoli, Amir; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md; Abhilash, E S; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Acuna, Juan Manuel; Addolorato, Giovanni; Adebayo, Oladimeji M; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adhikari, Kishor; Adhikari, Sangeet; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Afzal, Saira; Agegnehu, Wubetu Yimam; Aggarwal, Manik; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahmad, Araz Ramazan; Ahmad, Sajjad; Ahmad, Tauseef; Ahmadi, Ali; Ahmadi, Sepideh; Ahmed, Haroon; Ahmed Rashid, Tarik; Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet; Al Hamad, Hanadi; Alam, Md Zakiul; Alem, Dejene Tsegaye; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Alimohamadi, Yousef; Alizadeh, Atiyeh; Allel, Kasim; Alonso, Jordi; Alvand, Saba; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Firehiwot; Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena; Amiri, Sohrab; Ancuceanu, Robert; Anderson, Jason A; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Andrei, Tudorel; Arabloo, Jalal; Arshad, Muhammad; Artamonov, Anton A; Aryan, Zahra; Asaad, Malke; Asemahagn, Mulusew A; Astell-Burt, Thomas; Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin; Atnafu, Desta Debalkie; Atorkey, Prince; Atreya, Alok; Ausloos, Floriane; Ausloos, Marcel; Ayano, Getinet; Ayanore, Martin Amogre ayanore; Ayinde, Olatunde O; Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L; Azadnajafabad, Sina; Azanaw, Melkalem Mamuye; Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza; Azari Jafari, Amirhossein; Azzam, Ahmed Y; Badiye, Ashish D; Bagheri, Nasser; Bagherieh, Sara; Bairwa, Mohan; Bakkannavar, Shankar M; Bakshi, Ravleen Kaur; Balchut/Bilchut, Awraris Hailu; Bärnighausen, Till Winfried; Barra, Fabio; Barrow, Amadou; Baskaran, Pritish; Belo, Luis; Bennett, Derrick A; Benseñor, Isabela M; Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhalla, Ashish; Bhardwaj, Nikha; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Bhaskar, Sonu; Bhattacharyya, Krittika; Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo; Blokhina, Elena A Elena; Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule; Boloor, Archith; Bosetti, Cristina; Braithwaite, Dejana; Brenner, Hermann; Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich; Brunoni, Andre R; Butt, Zahid A; Cao, Chao; Cao, Yin; Cárdenas, Rosario; Carvalho, Andre F; Carvalho, Márcia; Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio; Castelpietra, Giulio; Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F S; Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia; Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo; Charan, Jaykaran; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chaurasia, Akhilanand; Cherbuin, Nicolas; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chudal, Nandita; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Churko, Chuchu; Ciobanu, Liliana G; Cirillo, Massimo; Claro, Rafael M; Costanzo, Simona; Cowden, Richard G; Criqui, Michael H; Cruz-Martins, Natália; Culbreth, Garland T; Dachew, Berihun Assefa; Dadras, Omid; Dai, Xiaochen; Damiani, Giovanni; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Daniel, Beniam Darge; Danielewicz, Anna; Darega Gela, Jiregna; Davletov, Kairat; de Araujo, Jacyra Azevedo Paiva; de Sá-Junior, Antonio Reis; Debela, Sisay Abebe; Dehghan, Azizallah; Demetriades, Andreas K; Derbew Molla, Meseret; Desai, Rupak; Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu; Dias da Silva, Diana; Diaz, Daniel; Digesa, Lankamo Ena; Diress, Mengistie; Dodangeh, Milad; Dongarwar, Deepa; Dorostkar, Fariba; Dsouza, Haneil Larson; Duko, Bereket; Duncan, Bruce B; Edvardsson, Kristina; Ekholuenetale, Michael; Elgar, Frank J; Elhadi, Muhammed; Elmonem, Mohamed A; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Etemadimanesh, Azin; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich; Farahmand, Fatemeh; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá; Faro, Andre; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Fauk, Nelsensius Klau; Feigin, Valery L; Feldman, Rachel; Feng, Xiaoqi; Fentaw, Zinabu; Ferrero, Simone; Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Francis, Joel Msafiri; Franklin, Richard Charles; Gaal, Peter Andras; Gad, Mohamed M; Gallus, Silvano; Galvano, Fabio; Ganesan, Balasankar; Garg, Tushar; Gebrehiwot, Mesfin Gebrehiwot Damtew; Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru; Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu; Gemechu, Tadele Regasa; Getacher, Lemma; Getachew, Motuma Erena; Getachew Obsa, Abera; Getie, Asmare; Ghaderi, Amir; Ghafourifard, Mansour; Ghajar, Alireza; Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi; Ghandour, Lilian A; Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad; Ghashghaee, Ahmad; Ghozy, Sherief; Glozah, Franklin N; Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna; Godos, Justyna; Goel, Amit; Goharinezhad, Salime; Golechha, Mahaveer; Goleij, Pouya; Golitaleb, Mohamad; Greaves, Felix; Grivna, Michal; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gudayu, Temesgen Worku; Gupta, Bhawna; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Sapna; Gupta, Veer Bala; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Hall, Brian J; Halwani, Rabih; Handiso, Tiilahun Beyene; Hankey, Graeme J; Hariri, Sanam; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasaballah, Ahmed I; Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein; Hay, Simon I; Hayat, Khezar; Heidari, Golnaz; Heidari, Mohammad; Hendrie, Delia; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba; Hezam, Kamal; Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni; Holla, Ramesh; Hossain, Md Mahbub; Hossain, Sahadat; Hosseini, Seyed Kianoosh; hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, Junjie; Hussain, Salman; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Ilic, Irena M; Ilic, Milena D; Immurana, Mustapha; Irham, Lalu Muhammad; Islam, M Mofizul; Islam, Rakibul M; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Iso, Hiroyasu; Itumalla, Ramaiah; Iwagami, Masao; Jabbarinejad, Roxana; Jacob, Louis; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jamalpoor, Zahra; Jamshidi, Elham; Jayapal, Sathish Kumar; Jayarajah, Umesh Umesh; Jayawardena, Ranil; Jebai, Rime; Jeddi, Seyed Ali; Jema, Alelign Tasew; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jindal, Har Ashish; Jonas, Jost B; Joo, Tamas; Joseph, Nitin; Joukar, Farahnaz; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jürisson, Mikk; Kabir, Ali; Kabthymer, Robel Hussen; Kamble, Bhushan Dattatray; Kandel, Himal; Kanno, Girum Gebremeskel; Kapoor, Neeti; Karaye, Ibraheem M; Karimi, Salah Eddin; Kassa, Bekalu Getnet; Kaur, Rimple Jeet; Kayode, Gbenga A; Keykhaei, Mohammad; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalilov, Rovshan; Khan, Imteyaz A; Khan, Moien AB; Kim, Hanna; Kim, Jihee; Kim, Min Seo; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kivimäki, Mika; Klymchuk, Vitalii; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich; Koyanagi, Ai; Krishan, Kewal; Krishnamoorthy, Yuvaraj; Kumar, G Anil; Kumar, Narinder; Kumar, Nithin; Lacey, Ben; Lallukka, Tea; Lasrado, Savita; Lau, Jerrald; Lee, Sang-woong; Lee, Wei-Chen; Lee, Yo Han; Lim, Lee-Ling; Lim, Stephen S; Lobo, Stany W; Lopukhov, Platon D; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lozano, Rafael; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Madadizadeh, Farzan; Madureira-Carvalho, Áurea M; Mahjoub, Soleiman; Mahmoodpoor, Ata; Mahumud, Rashidul Alam; Makki, Alaa; Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza; Manjunatha, Narayana; Mansouri, Borhan; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Martinez-Villa, Francisco A; Matzopoulos, Richard; Maulik, Pallab K; Mayeli, Mahsa; McGrath, John J; Meena, Jitendra Kumar; Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar; Menezes, Ritesh G; Mensink, Gert B M; Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A; Meretoja, Atte; Merga, Bedasa Taye; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Miao Jonasson, Junmei; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina; Miller, Ted R; Mini, GK; Mirica, Andreea; Mirijello, Antonio; Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M; Misra, Sanjeev; Moazen, Babak; Mobarakabadi, Maryam; Moccia, Marcello; Mohammad, Yousef; Mohammadi, Esmaeil; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah; Mohammed, Teroj Abdulrahman; Moka, Nagabhishek; Mokdad, Ali H; Momtazmanesh, Sara; Moradi, Yousef; Mostafavi, Ebrahim; Mubarik, Sumaira; Mullany, Erin C; Mulugeta, Beemnet Tekabe; Murillo-Zamora, Efrén; Murray, Christopher J L; Mwita, Julius C; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naimzada, Mukhammad David; Nangia, Vinay; Nayak, Biswa Prakash; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria; Nepal, Samata; Neupane, Sudan Prasad Prasad; Neupane Kandel, Sandhya; Nigatu, Yeshambel T; Nowroozi, Ali; Nuruzzaman, Khan M; Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe; Obamiro, Kehinde O; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru; Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes; Omar Bali, Ahmed; Omer, Emad; Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V; Otoiu, Adrian; Otstavnov, Stanislav S; Oumer, Bilcha; P A, Mahesh; Padron-Monedero, Alicia; Palladino, Raffaele; Pana, Adrian; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandey, Anamika; Pandey, Ashok; Pardhan, Shahina; Parekh, Tarang; Park, Eun-Kee; Parry, Charles D H; Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh; Patel, Jay; Pati, Siddhartha; Patton, George C; Paudel, Uttam; Pawar, Shrikant; Peden, Amy E; Petcu, Ionela-Roxana; Phillips, Michael R; Pinheiro, Marina; Plotnikov, Evgenii; Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh; Prashant, Akila; Quan, Jianchao; Radfar, Amir; Rafiei, Alireza; Raghav, Pankaja Raghav; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Azizur; Rahman, Md Mosfequr; Rahman, Mosiur; Rahmani, Amir Masoud; Rahmani, Shayan; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Ranasinghe, Priyanga; Rao, Chythra R; Rasali, Drona Prakash; Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi; Ratan, Zubair Ahmed; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Rawal, Lal; Renzaho, Andre M N; Rezaei, Negar; Rezaei, Saeid; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Riahi, Seyed Mohammad; Romero-Rodríguez, Esperanza; Roth, Gregory A; Rwegerera, Godfrey M; Saddik, Basema; Sadeghi, Erfan; Sadeghian, Reihaneh; Saeed, Umar; Saeedi, Farhad; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahoo, Harihar; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM; Salahi, Sarvenaz; Salimzadeh, Hamideh; Samy, Abdallah M; Sanmarchi, Francesco; Santric-Milicevic, Milena M; Sarikhani, Yaser; Sathian, Brijesh; Saya, Ganesh Kumar; Sayyah, Mehdi; Schmidt, Maria Inês; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwarzinger, Michaël; Schwebel, David C; Seidu, Abdul-Aziz; Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu; SeyedAlinaghi, SeyedAhmad; Seylani, Allen; Sha, Feng; Shahin, Sarvenaz; Shahraki-Sanavi, Fariba; Shahrokhi, Shayan; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shaker, Elaheh; Shakhmardanov, Murad Ziyaudinovich; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Sheikhi, Rahim Ali; Shetty, Adithi; Shetty, Jeevan K; Shiferaw, Damtew Solomon; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shivakumar, K M; Shivarov, Velizar; Shobeiri, Parnian; Shrestha, Roman; Sidemo, Negussie Boti; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Natacha Torres da; Singh, Jasvinder A; Singh, Surjit; Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich; Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna; Sleet, David A; Solmi, Marco; SOLOMON, YONATAN; Song, Suhang; Song, Yimeng; Sorensen, Reed J D; Soshnikov, Sergey; Soyiri, Ireneous N; Stein, Dan J; Subba, Sonu Hangma; Szócska, Miklós; Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Taheri, Majid; Tan, Ker-Kan; Tareke, Minale; Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang; Temesgen, Gebremaryam; Temesgen, Worku Animaw; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Thapar, Rekha; Thomas, Nikhil Kenny; Tiruneh, Chalachew; Todorovic, Jovana; Torrado, Marco; Touvier, Mathilde; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc; Trias-Llimós, Sergi; Tripathy, Jaya Prasad; Vakilian, Alireza; Valizadeh, Rohollah; Varmaghani, Mehdi; Varthya, Shoban Babu; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Vos, Theo; Wagaye, Birhanu; Waheed, Yasir; Walde, Mandaras Tariku; Wang, Cong; Wang, Yanzhong; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Westerman, Ronny; Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana; Wubetu, Abate Dargie; Xu, Suowen; Yamagishi, Kazumasa; Yang, Lin; Yesera, Gesila Endashaw E; Yigit, Arzu; Yiğit, Vahit; Yimaw, Ayenew Engida Ayenew Engida; Yon, Dong Keon; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yu, Chuanhua; Zadey, Siddhesh; Zahir, Mazyar; Zare, Iman; Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich; Zastrozhina, Anasthasia; Zhang, Zhi-Jiang; Zhong, Chenwen; Zmaili, Mohammad; Zuniga, Yves Miel H; Gakidou, Emmanuela;
• Is Part Of: Lancet. Volume 400:Issue 10347(2022)
• Page Start: 185
• Page End: 235
• Publication Date: 2022-07-16
• Subjects: Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine; Medicine; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 610.5
• DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00847-9
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0140-6736

Abstract

Summary: Background: The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods: For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose–response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020 for 21 regions, including 204 countries and territories, by 5-year age group, sex, and year for individuals aged 15–95 years and older from 1990 to 2020. Based on the NDE, we quantified the population consuming harmful amounts of alcohol. Findings: The burden-weighted relative risk curves for alcohol use varied by region and age. Among individuals aged 15–39 years in 2020, the TMREL varied between 0 (95% uncertainty interval 0–0) and 0·603 (0·400–1·00) standard drinks per day, and the NDE varied between 0·002 (0–0) and 1·75 (0·698–4·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals aged 40 years and older, the burden-weighted relative risk curve was J-shaped for all regions, with a 2020 TMREL that ranged from 0·114 (0–0·403) to 1·87 (0·500–3·30) standard drinks per day and an NDE that ranged between 0·193 (0–0·900) and 6·94 (3·40–8·30) standard drinks per day. Among individuals consuming harmful amounts of alcohol in 2020, 59·1% (54·3–65·4) were aged 15–39 years and 76·9% (73·0–81·3) were male. Interpretation: There is strong evidence to support recommendations on alcohol consumption varying by age and location. Stronger interventions, particularly those tailored towards younger individuals, are needed to reduce the substantial global health loss attributable to alcohol. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.