Reappraisal of disgust: Self-report and behavioural assessment of individuals with moderate to high contamination fears. (March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wong, Shiu F.; Krause, Sandra; Marishel, David; Grisham, Jessica R.
• Is Part Of: Journal of anxiety disorders. Volume 78(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-03
• Subjects: Disgust -- Obsessive-compulsive disorder -- Contamination -- Reappraisal; Anxiety -- Periodicals; Anxiety Disorders -- Periodicals; Angoisse -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.8522
• DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102346
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0887-6185

Abstract

Highlights: We compared primary vs. secondary reappraisal interventions for disgust. Persons with contamination fears were randomly assigned to interventions or control. Compared to control, SR intervention led to less disgust-related avoidance. Compared to PR, SR intervention led to less self-reported disgust. Modifying secondary appraisals may help treat elevated disgust. Abstract: Previous research has linked certain psychological disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), to the experience of disgust and how it is interpreted/appraised. Therefore, the present study examined whether targeting primary and secondary disgust appraisals (i.e., cognitive reappraisal) in individuals with moderate to high OCD-relevant contamination fears can effectively reduce disgust. Fifty-two participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions; two of which involved reading a brief script modifying either a primary disgust appraisal (i.e., likelihood of a feared outcome) or a secondary disgust appraisal (i.e., the individual's ability to cope), and a third control condition with no reappraisal script. Following this experimental manipulation of disgust appraisal, participants completed two contamination-relevant behavioural approach tasks which involved 1) increasing proximity to, and eventually touching, a dead cockroach, and 2) drinking apple juice from an unused urine sample collection container. Results indicated that the interventions successfully modified their intended appraisal targets. Furthermore, on the second behavioural approach task, the secondary reappraisal condition demonstrated significantly less disgust-related avoidance relative to the control condition and reported significantly less disgust relative to the primary reappraisal condition. Our results incrementally add to the existing literature that emphasises the potential advantages of modifying disgust appraisals and specifically secondary disgust appraisals when treating disgust-based psychological disorders.