Toward sustainable energy-based buildings with focusing on electricity demand reduction – Case studies in Middle East region climate. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kalbasi, Rasool; Tahmasebi, Ahmad; Ghaderi, Mohammad; Yari, Meysam; Izadi, Farhad
• Is Part Of: Sustainable energy technologies and assessments. Volume 52:Part D(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Building -- Energy consumption -- Solar collector -- Photovoltaic -- Cooling; Renewable energy sources -- Periodicals; Energy development -- Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Electric power production -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Periodicals; 333.79
• DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2022.102294
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-1388

Abstract

Abstract: The need for space cooling is growing progressively so from 1990 to 2016, it shows a growth of 232%. In the Middle East, this figure was 396%. Therefore, the need for space cooling power usage reduction is inevitable. Focusing on electricity demand reduction in HVAC system, the usefulness of adding several methods were examined. Using the enthalpy-porosity method, phase change was modeled in PCM and diffuse, Iqbal and Albedo models were used to formulate the radiation on the solar collectors, photovoltaic cells and external envelopes. In the first step, the effect of placing PCM on the walls was investigated. Although the main goal was to reduce electricity demand in the chiller, natural gas usage in the boiler was also declined. The first and second parameters experienced a drop of 62.6% and 34.7%, and therefore the annual energy demand associated with the HVAC system decreased by 39.1%. In the next step, the compression chiller was replaced with an absorption-type and it was observed that instead of consuming electricity, the natural gas increases by 4300 kWh. In the third step, the collector was installed on the roof and it was observed that its installation has a main effect along with a side effect. As the main effect, natural gas demand decreased by 3150 kWh in summer. As a side effect, heat dissipation in winter increased by 28.7% and by heat gain in summer decreased by 74.6%. In the fourth step, the results showed that covering the entire roof with photovoltaic cells generates 181, 337 kWh of electricity.