Combined lifestyle factors and the risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes – Results from a Swedish population-based case-control study. (April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Herzog, Katharina; Ahlqvist, Emma; Alfredsson, Lars; Groop, Leif; Hjort, Rebecka; Löfvenborg, Josefin E; Tuomi, Tiinamaija; Carlsson, Sofia
• Is Part Of: Diabetes research and clinical practice. Volume 174(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-04
• Subjects: Autoimmune diabetes -- LADA -- Lifestyle -- Type 2 diabetes; ANDIS All New Diabetics in Scania -- ANDiU All New Diabetics in Uppsala County -- CI 95% confidence intervals -- EIRA Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis -- ESTRID Epidemiological Study of Risk Factors for LADA and Type 2 Diabetes -- FFQ Food Frequency Questionnaire -- FHD Family history of diabetes -- GADA glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies -- LADA Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults -- OR odds ratio -- PAR% Population-attributable risk percentage; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108760
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-8227

Abstract

Abstract: Aims: We investigated the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes in relation to a healthy lifestyle, the proportion of patients attributable to an unhealthy lifestyle, and the influence of family history of diabetes (FHD) and genetic susceptibility. Methods: The population-based study included incident LADA ( n = 571), type 2 diabetes ( n = 1962), and matched controls ( n = 2217). A healthy lifestyle was defined by BMI < 25 kg/m 2, moderate-to-high physical activity, a healthy diet, no smoking, and moderate alcohol consumption. We estimated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, sex, education, and FHD. Results: Compared to a poor/moderate lifestyle, a healthy lifestyle was associated with a reduced risk of LADA (OR 0.51, CI 0.34–0.77) and type 2 diabetes (OR 0.09, CI 0.05–0.15). A healthy lifestyle conferred a reduced risk irrespective of FHD and high-risk HLA genotypes . Having a BMI < 25 kg/m 2 conferred the largest risk reduction for both LADA (OR 0.54, CI 0.43–0.66) and type 2 diabetes (OR 0.12, CI 0.10–0.15) out of the individual items. Conclusion: People with a healthy lifestyle, especially a healthy body weight, have a reduced risk of LADA including those with genetic susceptibility to diabetes.