A framework of artificial intelligence augmented design support. (1st November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liao, Jing; Hansen, Preben; Chai, Chunlei
• Is Part Of: Human-computer interaction. Volume 35:Isuse 5/6(2020)
• Page Start: 511
• Page End: 544
• Publication Date: 2020-11-01
• Subjects: Human computer interaction theory -- design supports -- artificial intelligence; System design -- Periodicals; Computers -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; Human-machine systems -- Periodicals; 004.019
• DOI: 10.1080/07370024.2020.1733576
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0737-0024

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence raise interest in its participation in design activity, which is commonly considered to be complex and human-dominated. In this work, we aim to examine AI roles in early design stages. The human ideation components and design tools related to AI are discussed in a framework of AI-augmented design support. The framework develops a hierarchy of design cognition (basis), approaches and principles. The cognitive models are constructed in an empirical study of 30 designers (26 for analysis, 4 for pilot study) by concurrent Think-Aloud protocol and behavior analysis. The process of producing new design ideas is explained by a transparent analysis of designers' language and behaviors. Three strategies to organize cognitive activities in design ideation are summarized: develop structured consideration, relate to a scenario, and stick-to designing. These strategies suggest AI could act as (1) representation creation, (2) empathy trigger and (3) engagement, in principles of "knowledge-driven" and "decompose-and-integrate". The design support with AI provides new perspectives on computer-based design tools that limit to well-defined design variables. The framework is built on a generic notion of design activity and "mimic" human design rationales, expected to benefit research of domain-independent computational design supports and cognitive supports.