Refraction under general anesthesia in children, using cycloplegic refraction only as a reference. (2nd April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ocak, Osman Bulut; Inal, Asli; Tülü Aygün, Beril; Kırmacı Kabakci, Aslı; Kemer Atik, Burcu; Yurttaser Ocak, Serap; Gökyiğit, Birsen
• Is Part Of: Strabismus. Volume 28:Number 2(2020)
• Page Start: 73
• Page End: 78
• Publication Date: 2020-04-02
• Subjects: Accommodation -- general anesthesia -- refraction -- cycloplegia; Strabismus -- Periodicals; Neurophysiology -- Periodicals; 617.762
• DOI: 10.1080/09273972.2020.1714669
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0927-3972

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To compare the measurements of cycloplegic refraction and refraction (R1-1) under general anesthesia (GA) when using the same portable auto-refractometer (ARF) in pediatric patients. Methods: 36Thirty-six to 60-month-old patients who underwent refraction measurements using a portable ARF (Retinomax® K plus 3, Righton, Japan), who did not receive prior cycloplegics under this GA and who had cycloplegic refraction using 1% cyclopentolate and the same Retinomax® device < 3 months prior this GA, between 2015 and 2018, were included in this study. The agreement (Bland-Altman analysis) and correlation (Pearson correlation) between the mean values of the measurements were analyzed. Results: Two-hundred-twenty-two right eyes of 222 patients (114 male and 108 female) were included in this study. The mean age was 45.04 ± 11.24 months. The mean spherical refractions (R1-1, R2-1) under GA and cycloplegic refraction were 1.08 ± 3.50 diopter (D) (−8.00 to +8.00) and 2.58 ± 3.28 D (−6.50 to +9.25), respectively. A strong positive correlation was detected between the two measurements (r = 0.95). When comparing measurements, the mean measurement under GA was −1.49 D (95% confidence interval: lower limit, −3.63; upper limit, +0.63) more myopic than the mean cycloplegic refraction (R1-1) value (Bland-Altman analysis test). The differences between the measurements were within ± 1 D in 92 eyes (41.44%) and within ± 2 D in 180 eyes (81.01%). No significant difference was detected when comparing the cylindrical refractive error values ( p > .05). Conclusion: Refractive measurements under GA were more myopic than cycloplegic refraction (R1-1) measurements. It is important to consider that complete cycloplegia is not achieved under GA.