Leisure-time physical activity is associated with reduced risks of breast cancer and triple negative breast cancer in Nigerian women. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bigman, Galya; Adebamowo, Sally N.; Yawe, King-David Terna; Yilkudi, Monday; Olaomi, Oluwole; Badejo, Olawale; Famooto, Ayo; Ezeome, Emmanuel; Salu, Iliya Karniliyus; Miner, Elijah; Anosike, Ikechukwu; Achusi, Benjamin; Adebamowo, Clement
• Is Part Of: Cancer epidemiology. Volume 79(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: ACCME African Collaborative Center for Microbiome and Genomics Research -- ASCO American Society College Oncology -- ASR Age-Standardized incidence Rate -- BMI Body Mass Index -- CAP College American Pathology -- CI Confidence Interval -- EPIC European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition -- ER Estrogen Receptor -- HER2 Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2 -- HR Hazard Ratios -- HRP Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer -- IHC Immunohistochemistry -- IGFBP Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein -- LTPA Leisure-Time Physical Activity -- METs Metabolic Equivalents -- NHS Nurses' Health Study -- NIBBLE Nigerian Integrative Epidemiology of Breast Cancer -- MCAR Missing Completely at Random -- OR Odds Ratio -- PA Physical Activity -- PCA Principal Component Analysis -- PR ProgesteroneReceptor -- SSA Sub-Saharan Africa -- TNBC Triple-Negative Breast Cancer -- U.S Untied States -- WHO World Health Organization -- WHR Waist-Hip Ratio; Breast cancer -- Triple-negative -- Leisure-time physical activity -- Nigeria -- Sub-Saharan Africa; Cancer -- Epidemiology -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Prevention -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Diagnosis -- Periodicals; Carcinogenesis -- Periodicals; 616.994005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102195
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1877-7821

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Leisure-time physical activity(LTPA) is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, but this has less been investigated by cancer subtypes in Africans living in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA). We examined the associations between LTPA and breast cancer including its subtypes in Nigerian women and explored the effect modification of body size on such associations. Methods: The sample included 508 newly diagnosed primary invasive breast cancer cases and 892 controls from the Nigerian Integrative Epidemiology of Breast Cancer(NIBBLE) Study. Immunohistochemical(IHC) analysis was available for 294 cases. Total metabolic equivalents(METs) per hour/week of LTPA were calculated and divided by quartiles(Q1 <3.75, Q2:3.75–6.69, Q3:6.70–14.74, Q4:14.75 ≤). We applied logistic regressions to estimate the adjusted Odds Ratios(ORs) between LTPA and breast cancer and by its molecular subtypes and whether age-adjusted associations are modified by BMI. Results: The mean age(Mean±SD) of cases vs. controls(45.5 ± 11.1vs.40.1 ± 9.0) was higher, and the mean total METs hour/week was higher in controls vs. cases(11.9 ± 14.9vs.8.3 ± 11.1, p-value<0.001). Overall, 43.2%(N = 127/294) were classified as HRP, and 41.8%(N = 123/294) as TNBC. Women in the higher LTPA quartiles(Q3-Q4) vs. Q1 had lower odds of having breast cancer(ORQ4vs.Q1 =0.51, 95%CI:0.35–0.74) and TNBC(ORQ4vs.Q1 =0.51, 95%CI:0.27–0.96), but not HRP(ORQ4vs.Q1 =0.61, 95%CI:0.34–1.09) after adjusting for age, age at first menarche, body size, breastfeeding, menopausal, parity, contraceptives, demographics, alcohol, smoking, and physical activity at home and work. Lastly, LTPA and its age-adjusted association with breast cancer was more pronounced in women with BMI< 30 vs. BMI 30 + . Conclusions: LTPA may reduce the risk of breast cancer, especially TNBC, which is the more aggressive and prevalent molecular subtype of breast cancer in SSA. Highlights: Breast cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is rising, and it is the most common cancer among Nigerian women. Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer and it varied by its subtypes. LTPA and its age-adjusted association with breast cancer was more pronounced in non-obese vs. obese women.