Association between Restricted Carbohydrate Diets and Cardiometabolic Disease. (14th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kowalski, Corina; Dustin, Dakota; Belury, Martha; Johnson, LuAnn; Ilayan, Alaa; Conrad, Zach
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 6(2022)Supplement 1
• Page Start: 914
• Page End: 914
• Publication Date: 2022-06-14
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac067.034
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: This study evaluated the association between restricted carbohydrate diets and prevalent cardiometabolic disease (CMD), stratified by fat intake. Methods: Dietary and CMD data were obtained from 19, 078 participants ≥20 y in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) methodology was used to assess usual intake of foods and nutrients. Results: Compared to individuals that met all macronutrient recommendations, those consuming restricted carbohydrate diets (<45%en) were 1.123 (95% CI 1.113–1.133) times as likely to have CMD, and those consuming the recommended amount of carbohydrates only were 1.060 (1.058–1.062) times as likely to have CMD. Higher intakes of saturated and polyunsaturated fat were associated with greater prevalence of CMD in restricted and recommended carbohydrate intake groups. Higher intakes of monounsaturated fat were associated with lower prevalence of CMD among participants that met carbohydrate recommendations only. Conclusions: Participants that consumed restricted carbohydrate diets were more likely to have CMD compared to participants that met all macronutrient recommendations, and this association was modified by fat intake. Greater efforts are needed to understand longitudinal associations between carbohydrate intake and CMD. Funding Sources: This work was supported by the Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences (IAFNS) Carbohydrate and Lipid Committees. IAFNS is a nonprofit science organization that pools funding from industry collaborators and advances science through the in-kind and financial contributions from public and private sector participants. IAFNS had no role in the design, analysis, interpretation, or presentation of the data and results.