Cross-Sectional Associations of Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity. (14th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Richardson, Leigh Ann; Chien, Lung-Chang; Basu, Arpita; Alman, Amy; Snell-Bergeon, Janet
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 6(2022)Supplement 1
• Page Start: 945
• Page End: 945
• Publication Date: 2022-06-14
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac067.065
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: To examine the associations between fruit and vegetable (F&V) scores derived from the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI, 2015) with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and pericardial adiposity (PAT) in adults with and without type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study [n = 1255; T1D: n = 563; non-DM: n = 692]. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire, a physical examination, and fasting (12 h overnight fast) biochemical analyses. CAC and PAT were measured using electron beam computed tomography. Logistic regression models examined associations of F&V scores with CAC (presence or absence) and linear regression models were applied to PAT analyses. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex and diabetes status, model 2 added total calories, and model 3 added BMI and lipids (LDL and HDL-cholesterol). Results: F&V scores had no associations with CAC in any of these models. In models 1 and 2, a one-point increase in the MedDiet-derived total fruit score was associated with a significant −1.79% (95% CI: (−0.03, −0.01); p-value = 0.0001) decrease in PAT. In model 3, a one-point increase in the MedDiet-derived total fruit score was associated with a borderline significant decrease of −0.74% (95% CI: (−0.01, 0.00); p-value = 0.054) in PAT. In models 1 and 2 for the HEI-derived total fruit score, a one-point increase in the total fruit score was associated with a significant −3.22% (95% CI: (−0.05, −0.01); p-value = 0.0012) decrease in PAT. In model 3 for the HEI-derived total fruit score, there was no significant association between the HEI-derived total fruit score and PAT (p-value = 0.140). Conclusions: Baseline analyses show MedDiet and HEI-derived total fruit scores maintained a significant to borderline significant inverse relationship with PAT, but F&V scores were not associated with presence of CAC. Funding Sources: NIH and ADA.