Dietary Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Indicators by Sex and Ethnicity for the U.S. Adults: A Secondary Analysis of NHANES 2017–2018 Data. (14th June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Algarni, Azza; Campa, Adriana; Coccia, Catherine; George, Florence; Huffman, Fatma G
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 6(2022)Supplement 1
• Page Start: 500
• Page End: 500
• Publication Date: 2022-06-14
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac077.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: The relationship between dietary fiber intake and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl) among U.S. adults aged 40 years and older were studied. 2017–2018 NHANES data (N = 3309) was used. Sex and ethnicity differences were studied. Methods: Participants were included if they had data available for daily fiber intake during the first in-person interview and laboratory data for fasting plasma glucose levels. n = 1643 were males and n = 1666 were females. n = 402 were Mexican American, n = 308 were Other Hispanic, n = 1229 were Non- Hispanic White, n = 799 were Non- Hispanic Black, n = 416 were Non- Hispanic Asian, and n = 155 were other race- including Multi-Racial. The participants with diabetes, n = 409 were males, and n = 312 were females. Independent-Samples T test was used to compare means between dietary fiber intake and FPG levels by sex and ethnicity. Results: Fiber intake was significantly different between sex and ethnic groups; Mexican American, Other Hispanic, Non- Hispanic White, Non- Hispanic Black, Non- Hispanic Asian, and other race- including Multi-Racial ( p < 0.001). Males had significantly higher fiber intake than females ( p < 0.001). Mexican American had significantly higher fiber intake than non-Hispanic White and non- Hispanic Black ( p < 0.001). FPG levels were significantly different between sex groups ( p < 0.001). Males had significantly lower FPG levels than females ( p < 0.001). FPG was significantly lower for those with high fiber intake ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: Dietary fiber intake and fasting plasma glucose levels by sex and ethnicity need to be further studied in controlled clinical trials. Funding Sources: Florida International University.