Culturally tailored evidence‐based substance use disorder treatments are efficacious with an American Indian Southwest tribe: an open‐label pilot‐feasibility randomized controlled trial. (11th August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Venner, Kamilla L.; Serier, Kelsey; Sarafin, Ruth; Greenfield, Brenna L.; Hirchak, Katherine; Smith, Jane Ellen; Witkiewitz, Katie
• Is Part Of: Addiction. Volume 116:Number 4(2021)
• Page Start: 949
• Page End: 960
• Publication Date: 2020-08-11
• Subjects: Addiction treatment outcome -- American Indian/Alaska Native -- Indigenous -- randomized controlled trial -- substance use disorder -- cultural adaptation -- motivational interviewing -- community reinforcement approach; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Drug addiction -- Periodicals; 616.86
• DOI: 10.1111/add.15191
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0965-2140

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background and Aims: Many evidence‐based treatments (EBTs) for substance use disorder (SUD) exist, yet few are tailored to Indigenous patients. This trial tested the efficacy of a culturally tailored EBT that combined Motivational Interviewing and the Community Reinforcement Approach (MICRA) versus treatment as usual (TAU). Design: A mixed efficacy/effectiveness randomized controlled trial of MICRA ( n = 38) and TAU ( n = 41) using a parallel design with follow‐up assessments at 4‐, 8‐, and 12‐ months post baseline. Setting: United States, reservation‐based outpatient, addiction specialty care treatment program. Participants: 79 (68% male) American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) Tribal members meeting criteria for SUD and seeking SUD treatment. Interventions: MICRA (individual therapy sessions beginning with MI for 2–3 sessions) compared with TAU (individual and group counseling sessions in a didactic style with Twelve‐Step philosophy and elements of relapse prevention). Measures: Demographics, percent days abstinent (PDA; the primary outcome at 12months assessed by Form 90D), Inventory of Drug Use Consequences, Alcohol and Drug Use Self‐Efficacy Scale, Native American Spirituality Scale, and SCID‐DSM‐IV‐TR. Findings: There was no evidence for the benefit of MICRA over TAU (MICRA PDA = 72.63%, TAU = 73.62%, treatment effect: B = −4.04 (SE = 5.47); 95% CI = −14.941, 6.866; BF = 3.44) in the primary outcome. Both groups showed improvements in PDA, SUD severity, and negative consequences from baseline to the 12‐month follow‐up. Neither self‐efficacy nor spirituality were significant mediators of MICRA. Conclusions: There were no treatment group differences between culturally tailored evidence‐based treatments for substance use disorder and treatment as usual in this randomized controlled trial with American Indian and Alaska Native participants. Nonetheless, participants improved over time on several substance‐related outcomes.