Racial Differences in the Incidence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Older Black and White Adults. Issue 1 (26th September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Howard, George; Safford, Monika M.; Moy, Claudia S.; Howard, Virginia J.; Kleindorfer, Dawn O.; Unverzagt, Fredrick W.; Soliman, Elsayed Z.; Flaherty, Matthew L.; McClure, Leslie A.; Lackland, Daniel T.; Wadley, Virginia G.; Pulley, LeaVonne; Cushman, Mary
• Is Part Of: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. Volume 65:Issue 1(2017:Jan.)
• Page Start: 83
• Page End: 90
• Publication Date: 2016-09-26
• Subjects: epidemiology -- longitudinal cohort study -- risk factors -- hypertension -- diabetes mellitus -- lipids and cholesterol -- atrial fibrillation; Geriatrics -- Periodicals; 618.97
• DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14472
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0002-8614

Abstract

Abstract : Objectives: To describe the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors, or race‐related disparities in incidence, across the age spectrum in adults. Design: Longitudinal cohort. Setting: National sample. Participants: Community‐dwelling black and white adults recruited between 2003 and 2007. Measurements: Incident hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and atrial fibrillation over 10 years of follow‐up in 10, 801 adults, stratified according to age (45–54, 55–64, 65–74, ≥75). Results: There was no evidence ( P ≥ .68) of an age‐related difference in the incidence of hypertension for white men (average incidence 38%), black men (48%), or black women (54%), although for white women incidence increased with age (45–54, 27%; ≥75, 40%). Incidence of diabetes mellitus was lower at older ages for white men (45–54, 15%; ≥75, 8%), black men (45–54, 29%; ≥75, 13%), and white women (45–54, 11%; ≥75, 4%), although there was no evidence ( P = .11) of age‐related changes for black women (average incidence 21%). For dyslipidemia, incidence for all race–sex groups was approximately 20% for aged 45 to 54 but approximately 30% for aged 54 to 64 and 65 to 74 and approximately 22% for aged 75 and older. Incidence of atrial fibrillation was low at age 45 to 54 (<5%) but for aged 75 and older was approximately 20% for whites and 11% for blacks. The incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia was higher in blacks across the age spectrum but lower for atrial fibrillation. Conclusion: Incidence of risk factors remains high in older adults. Blacks have a higher incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia after age 45, underscoring the ongoing importance of prevention of all three conditions in mid‐ to later life.