Assessing adherence to and usability of Experience Sampling Method (ESM) and actigraph in patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder: A mixed-method study. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zarbo, Cristina; Agosta, Sara; Casiraghi, Letizia; De Novellis, Antonio; Leuci, Emanuela; Paulillo, Giuseppina; Rocchetti, Matteo; Starace, Fabrizio; Zamparini, Manuel; de Girolamo, Giovanni
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 314(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Compliance -- Ecological momentary assessment -- Multicentre study -- Mobile application -- Physical activity -- Mood -- Daily activities; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114675
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0165-1781

Abstract

Highlights: Usability of actigraph and mobile ESM in patients and healthy controls was good (46/55). Adherence was excellent for actigraph (91%) and good for mobile ESM (67%). Usability of and adherence to actigraphy are negatively correlated. Patients living in RFs are less adherent to actigraphy and mobile ESM than controls. Residential patients may need support from healthcare staff in RFs. Abstract: The application of innovative technologies in psychiatry is promising, but the debate about its feasibility is not settled. Our aim was to investigate and compare adherence to and usability of 7-day monitoring with an Experience Sampling Method (ESM) and Actigraphy among a sample of individuals with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) and paired healthy controls. Twenty-two patients living in residential facilities (RFs), 20 outpatients and 26 controls were enrolled in this study as part of the DiAPAson project. Participants wore an actigraph and were evaluated for daily time use and mood with a smartphone-based ESM. Then, they completed questionnaires to assess the usability of the devices and were interviewed. Adherence was assessed as the percentage of time spent wearing actigraph and answering ESM notifications. Residential patients, compared to controls, showed significantly higher usability of the actigraph and lower adherence to both the actigraph and ESM. From the qualitative interviews, four high-order themes emerged: effects of monitoring, adherence and usability, emotions and mental states, and advice. Findings are promising for the application of these methodologies in such populations. The role of multidisciplinary staff in RFs is crucial for guaranteeing the realization of such projects.