5HT3RA plus dexamethasone plus aprepitant for controlling delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in colorectal cancer. Issue 2 (17th December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hayashi, Toshinobu; Shimokawa, Mototsugu; Matsuo, Koichi; Nishimura, Junichi; Iihara, Hirotoshi; Nakano, Takafumi; Egawa, Takashi
• Is Part Of: Cancer science. Volume 112:Issue 2(2021)
• Page Start: 744
• Page End: 750
• Publication Date: 2020-12-17
• Subjects: aprepitant -- colorectal cancer -- nausea -- oxaliplatin -- vomiting; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.994005
• DOI: 10.1111/cas.14757
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1347-9032

Abstract

Abstract: Delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is not well controlled in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients undergoing oxaliplatin (L‐OHP)‐based chemotherapy. Whether neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist addition to a first‐generation 5HT3 antagonist (1st 5‐HT3 RA) and dexamethasone (DEX) is beneficial to these patients remains controversial. Furthermore, whether palonosetron (PALO) or aprepitant (APR) is more effective in controlling delayed CINV is unclear. We, therefore, investigated whether PALO+DEX or 1st 5‐HT3 RA+DEX+APR was more effective in controlling delayed CINV, and the risk factors for delayed CINV, in CRC patients undergoing L‐OHP–based chemotherapy. Data were pooled from two prospective observational Japanese studies and a phase III trial to compare CINV incidence between the PALO + DEX (PALO) and 5‐HT3 RA+DEX+APR (APR) groups by propensity score–matched analysis. CINV risk factors were identified using logistic regression models. The CINV incidence was higher in the PALO group than in the APR group. Logistic regression analysis revealed alcohol consumption, motion sickness, and the PALO+DEX regimen as independent risk factors for delayed nausea, and female sex and the PALO+DEX regimen as those for delayed vomiting. Compared with prophylactic PALO + DEX, 1st 5‐HT3 RA+DEX+APR was more effective in controlling delayed CINV. Thus, CRC patients receiving L‐OHP–based chemotherapy should be treated with three antiemetics, including APR. Abstract : This study demonstrates that the triplet antiemetic prophylaxis with first‐generation 5HT3 receptor antagonist plus dexamethasone plus aprepitant was more effective in controlling delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) compared with prophylaxis with palonosetron plus dexamethasone in colorectal cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy.