Food and fluid intake and hydration status does not affect ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous adipose tissue in active adults. Issue 7 (July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ong, Jun N.; Ducker, Kagan J.; Furzer, Bonnie J.; Dymock, Michael; Landers, Grant J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of science and medicine in sport. Volume 25:Issue 7(2022)
• Page Start: 548
• Page End: 552
• Publication Date: 2022-07
• Subjects: Body composition -- Menstrual cycle -- Ultrasonography -- Subcutaneous fat -- Adipose tissue -- Anthropometry; Sports sciences -- Periodicals; Sports medicine -- Periodicals; Exercise -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sports -- physiology -- Periodicals; Sports Medicine -- Periodicals; Sportgeneeskunde; 617.102705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.03.016
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1440-2440

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the impact of acute food and fluid intake or hydration status on the standardised brightness-mode ultrasound measurement of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. Design: Thirty active adults (female n = 10) participated in a randomised cross over study. Methods: Participants completed three body composition assessment sessions via standardised brightness-mode ultrasound and Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Participants were assessed under standardised presentation during 'food only' and 'food plus water' sessions at baseline and reassessed after their allotted intake. 'Hypohydration plus water' was undertaken in a hypohydrated state at baseline and reassessed after water intake. Results: The sum of eight subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness was lower when measured after 'food only' or 'food plus water' compared to baseline (−0.1 to −0.9 mm; p < 0.01). However, these changes were less than the 95% confidence interval of the technical error of measurement of the investigator. Body mass, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry total and trunk mass, lean mass and trunk lean mass estimates increased ( p < 0.01) following 'food only' or 'food plus water', and decreased with hypohydration (p < 0.01). Total and regional fat mass estimates were not impacted. Conclusions: The sum of eight subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness measured via standardised brightness-mode ultrasound was unaffected by acute food and fluid consumption or hydration status changes. Comparatively, these interventions altered dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry body composition estimates, especially that of lean mass components. Standardised brightness-mode ultrasound can therefore be used to monitor changes in fat patterning when standardised client presentation is not practically achievable.