The burden of type 2 diabetes in Europe: Current and future aspects of insulin treatment from patient and healthcare spending perspectives. (March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ceriello, Antonio; deValk, Harold W.; Guerci, Bruno; Haak, Thomas; Owens, David; Canobbio, Michela; Fritzen, Katharina; Stautner, Constantin; Schnell, Oliver
• Is Part Of: Diabetes research and clinical practice. Volume 161(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-03
• Subjects: Type 2 diabetes mellitus -- Burden -- Europe -- Insulin therapy; ADA American Diabetes Association -- CVD Cardiovascular Disease -- CE Conformité Européenne -- CGM Continuous glucose monitoring -- CSII Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion -- EASD European Association for the Study of Diabetes -- FPG Fasting Plasma Glucose -- FR France -- DE Germany -- HbA1c Glycated Haemoglobin -- HCP Healthcare Professional -- IDF International Diabetes Federation -- IT Italy -- MDI Multiple Daily Injections -- NL Netherlands -- ES Spain -- TIR Time in Range -- T1DM Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus -- T2DM Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus -- UK United Kingdom; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108053
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-8227

Abstract

Abstract: Due to the progressive nature of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), initiation of insulin therapy is very likely in the disease continuum. This article aims at highlighting the current situation with regard to insulin therapy in people with T2DM in Europe and at presenting the associated unmet need. Challenges for both people with T2DM and healthcare professionals include clinical inertia also derived from fear of hypoglycaemia, weight gain and injections as well as increased need for a comprehensive diabetes management. We compare national and international guidelines and recommendations for the initiation and intensification of insulin therapy with the real-world situation in six European countries, demonstrating that glycaemic targets are only met in a minority of people with T2DM on insulin therapy. Furthermore, this work evaluates currently recorded numbers of people with T2DM treated with insulin in Europe, the proportion not achieving the stated glycaemic targets and thus in need to enhance insulin therapy e.g. by a change in means of insulin delivery including, but not limited to, insulin pens, wearable mealtime insulin delivery patches, patch pumps, and conventional insulin pumps with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.