A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cancer Patients Affected by a Novel Coronavirus. Issue 2 (24th February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Venkatesulu, Bhanu Prasad; Chandrasekar, Viveksandeep Thoguluva; Girdhar, Prashanth; Advani, Pragati; Sharma, Amrish; Elumalai, Thiraviyam; Hsieh, Cheng En; Elghazawy, Hagar I; Verma, Vivek; Krishnan, Sunil
• Is Part Of: JNCI cancer spectrum. Volume 5:Issue 2(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-02-24
• DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkaa102
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2515-5091

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported to have double the case fatality rate of the general population. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central was done for studies on cancer patients with COVID-19. Pooled proportions were calculated for categorical variables. Odds ratio (OR) and forest plots (random-effects model) were constructed for both primary and secondary outcomes. Results: This systematic review of 38 studies and meta-analysis of 181 323 patients from 26 studies included 23 736 cancer patients. Our meta-analysis shows that cancer patients with COVID-19 have a higher likelihood of death (n = 165 980, OR = 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47 to 4.42), which was largely driven by mortality among patients in China. Cancer patients were more likely to be intubated. Among cancer subtypes, the mortality was highest in hematological malignancies (n = 878, OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.17 to 4.87) followed by lung cancer (n = 646, OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.00 to 3.37). There was no association between receipt of a particular type of oncologic therapy and mortality. Our study showed that cancer patients affected by COVID-19 are a decade older than the normal population and have a higher proportion of comorbidities. There was insufficient data to assess the association of COVID-19–directed therapy and survival outcomes in cancer patients. Conclusion: Cancer patients with COVID-19 disease are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity. A more nuanced understanding of the interaction between cancer-directed therapies and COVID-19–directed therapies is needed. This will require uniform prospective recording of data, possibly in multi-institutional registry databases.