Discovery of a novel siphonaxanthin biosynthetic precursor in Codium fragile that accumulates only by exposure to blue‐green light. Issue 12 (4th May 2022) - Seki, Soichiro
Abstract : Photosynthetic organisms adapt to a variety of light conditions. Codium fragile, a macrosiphonous green alga, binds a unique carbonyl carotenoid, siphonaxanthin, to its major photosynthetic light‐harvesting complexes, allowing it to utilize dim blue‐green light for photosynthesis. Here, we describe the absolute chemical structure of a novel siphonaxanthin biosynthetic precursor, 19‐deoxysiphonaxanthin, that accumulates specifically in the photosynthetic antenna only when cultivated under blue‐green light. The action spectra of pigment accumulation suggest that siphonaxanthin biosynthesis is regulated by a specific wavelength profile. The results provide clues to a new acclimation mechanism to withstand hours of intense light at low tide and why siphonous algae have been growing invasively on the world's coasts for more than a century. Abstract : Codium fragile, a macrosiphonous green alga, has been growing invasively on the world's coasts, where irradiation changes from intense white light at low tide to dim blue‐green light at high tide. We present the absolute chemical structure of a novel precursor of siphonaxanthin biosynthesis from lutein, 19‐deoxysiphonaxanthin, that accumulates specifically in the photosynthetic antenna only when cultivated under blue‐green light. Our study suggests a novel photoacclimation mechanism in siphonous macroalgae.