Joining the PARty: PARP Regulation of KDM5A during DNA Repair (and Transcription?). (9th May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sanchez, Anthony; Buck‐Koehntop, Bethany A.; Miller, Kyle M.
• Is Part Of: BioEssays. Volume 44:Number 7(2022)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-05-09
• Subjects: chromatin -- DNA double‐strand breaks -- DNA repair -- histone demethylation -- KDM5A -- PARP -- poly (ADP‐ribose); Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Developmental biology -- Periodicals; 572.8
• DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200015
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0265-9247

Abstract

Abstract: The lysine demethylase KDM5A collaborates with PARP1 and the histone variant macroH2A1.2 to modulate chromatin to promote DNA repair. Indeed, KDM5A engages poly(ADP‐ribose) (PAR) chains at damage sites through a previously uncharacterized coiled‐coil domain, a novel binding mode for PAR interactions. While KDM5A is a well‐known transcriptional regulator, its function in DNA repair is only now emerging. Here we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate this PARP1‐macroH2A1.2‐KDM5A axis in DNA damage and consider the potential involvement of this pathway in transcription regulation and cancer. Using KDM5A as an example, we discuss how multifunctional chromatin proteins transition between several DNA‐based processes, which must be coordinated to protect the integrity of the genome and epigenome. The dysregulation of chromatin and loss of genome integrity that is prevalent in human diseases including cancer may be related and could provide opportunities to target multitasking proteins with these pathways as therapeutic strategies. Abstract : PARP1‐macroH2A1.2 regulates the lysine demethylase KDM5A in DNA repair, including through poly(ADP‐ribose) (PAR) binding by its coiled coil domain. The collaboration of this pathway beyond genome integrity in transcription and cancer is unknown. We discuss this question and the potential therapeutic targeting of this pathway using catalytic or PARP inhibitors.