Ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with breast cancer. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zong, Xiangyun; Yu, Yang; Chen, Wenhu; Zong, Weiwei; Yang, Hongjian; Chen, Xuan
• Is Part Of: Breast. Volume 64(2022)
• Page Start: 143
• Page End: 150
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Breast cancer -- Ovarian function -- Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) -- Chemotherapy -- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa); AMH anti-Müllerian hormone -- GnRHa gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs -- POI premature ovarian insufficiency -- BMI body mass index -- FSH follicle stimulating hormone -- LH luteinizing hormone -- OFS ovarian function suppression -- DFS disease-free survival -- AFC antral follicle count -- CTX cyclophosphamide; Breast -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Breast -- Tumors -- Periodicals; Breast -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.05.009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-9776

Abstract

Abstract: Background: As a special reproductive hormone and ovarian reserve indicator, the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in premenopausal women with breast cancer deserves further study. Methods: We conducted an in-depth analysis of the data from the EGOFACT study (NCT02518191), a phase Ⅲ, randomized, controlled trial involving premenopausal female breast cancer patients in two parallel groups: chemotherapy with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa). Three hundred thirty premenopausal women aged 25–49 years with operable stage I to III breast cancer were included in this study. The characteristics of ovarian reserve changes marked by AMH in the EGOFACT study and the factors affecting ovarian function in premenopausal women with breast cancer were analyzed. Results: The AMH level of the chemotherapy alone group decreased gradually within one year, while the AMH level of the GnRHa group was significantly higher as early as 6 months after chemotherapy and recovered to close to the baseline level 12 months after chemotherapy (F = 34.991, P < 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that the factors affecting AMH levels mainly included age, menarche age, body mass index (BMI), reproductive history, baseline follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level, pathological stage and GnRHa application, but they had different effects on the incidence of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) at different periods. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that menarche age younger than 14 years (OR 0.470 [0.259, 0.852], P = 0.013), baseline AMH level higher than 0.5 ng/mL (OR 9.590 [3.366, 27.320], P < 0.001), pathological stage Ⅰ(OR 0.315 [0.124, 0.798], P = 0.015) and GnRHa application (OR 0.090 [0.045, 0.183], P < 0.001) were independent factors conducive to protection of ovarian reserve, as well as to recovery of ovarian reserve. Conclusions: Age, menarche age, baseline AMH level, and GnRHa application are the most important influencing factors for ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with breast cancer. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02518191, registered on Aug 5, 2015. Highlights: GnRHa can reverse the trend of ovarian reserve changes and reduce the risk of POI after chemotherapy. Premenopausal patients younger than 35 years old had higher AMH levels and were less likely to develop primary or secondary POI. Premenopausal patients with menarche earlier than 14 years old had higher AMH levels and were less likely to develop POI after chemotherapy. Premenopausal patients with BMI<25 received chemotherapy alone or those with BMI≥25 received chemotherapy+GnRHa were more likely to develop POI.