Clinical characteristics and respiratory care in hospitalized vaccinated SARS-CoV-2 patients. (June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Teran-Tinedo, Jose Rafael; Gonzalez-Rubio, Jesus; Najera, Alberto; Castany-Faro, Andrea; Contreras, Maria de las Nieves; Garcia, Isabel Maria; Lopez-Mellado, Lourdes; Lorente-Gonzalez, Miguel; Perez-Garvin, Patricia; Sacristan-Crespo, Galaxia; Suarez-Ortiz, Miguel; Navarro-Lopez, Juan D; Jimenez-Diaz, Lydia; Landete, Pedro
• Is Part Of: EClinicalMedicine. Volume 48(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-06
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- Vaccines -- Vaccinated patients -- Pfizer -- BNT162b2 -- AstraZeneca -- Azd1222 -- Moderna -- mRNA-1273 -- Janssen -- Ad26.COV2.S -- Invasive respiratory care -- Non-invasive respiratory care; Medicine -- Research -- Periodicals; Medical policy -- Periodicals; Clinical Medicine; Health Policy; Public Health; Medical policy; Medicine -- Research; Periodical; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 613
• DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101453
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2589-5370

Abstract

Summary: Background: The main objective of the present study was to analyze both clinical characteristics and evolution during hospitalization of a cohort of patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia who were not vaccinated, or with a complete or incomplete vaccination schedule. Methods: This COVID-19 specialized single-center cohort study of 1888 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the "Enfermera Isabel Zendal" Emergencies Hospital (HEEIZ), Madrid (Spain) was performed between July 1 and September 30, 2021. It compared the results of 1327 hospitalized unvaccinated patients to 209 hospitalized fully vaccinated and 352 hospitalized partially vaccinated patients. The four different COVID-19 vaccines authorized in Spain during the time-period studied were: BNT162b2 (Pfizer); ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca), mRNA-1273 (Moderna); Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen). Findings: Hospitalized patients' median age was 41 years (IQR 33–50) for the unvaccinated and 61 years (IQR 53–67) for the fully vaccinated ones. The main comorbidities were obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. 20% of unvaccinated patients (266) required noninvasive respiratory care, as did 14% (51) of partially and 14% (30) of fully vaccinated; 6% (78) of the unvaccinated patients also needed invasive respiratory care, as did 5% (16) of partially and 11 (5%) fully vaccinated. Interpretation: Fully vaccinated patients were 84% (95% CI: 82–86%) less likely to be admitted to hospital, and protection rose for those aged <50 years. Once hospitalized, vaccinated patients displayed more protection against requiring respiratory care than unvaccinated ones, despite being older and having more comorbidities. No differences appeared for the four studied COVID-19 vaccines and complying with vaccination recommendations proved relevant. Funding: The research was funded by the "Plan Propio de Investigación" Program of the Castilla-La Mancha University /European Regional Development Fund (2021-GRIN-31, 039).