Moment of truth-adding carboplatin to neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer improves overall survival: An individual participant data and trial-level Meta-analysis. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pathak, Neha; Sharma, Aparna; Elavarasi, Arunmozhimaran; Sankar, Jeeva; Deo, S.V.S.; Sharma, Daya N.; Mathur, Sandeep; Kumar, Sudhir; Prasad, Chandra P.; Kumar, Akash; Batra, Atul
• Is Part Of: Breast. Volume 64(2022)
• Page Start: 7
• Page End: 18
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: Triple negative breast cancer -- TNBC -- Platinum -- Carboplatin -- Neoadjuvant -- Adjuvant -- Chemotherapy; ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology -- AT anthracycline-taxane -- DFS disease free survival -- ESMO European Society of Medical Oncology -- EFS event free survival -- HR hazard ratio -- OR Odds ratio -- OS overall survival -- pCR pathological complete remission -- PFS Progression free survival -- PRISMA Preferred items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis -- RCT randomized controlled trial -- RFS relapse free survival -- SABCS San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium -- SOC standard of care -- TNBC triple negative breast cancer; Breast -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Breast -- Tumors -- Periodicals; Breast -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.04.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-9776

Abstract

Abstract: Importance: Carboplatin increases the pathological complete remission (pCR) rate in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) when added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, however, evidence on its effect on survival outcomes is controversial. Methods: The study was prospectively registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021228386). We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and conference proceedings from January 1, 2004 to January 30, 2022 for relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC patients, with carboplatin in the intervention arm and standard anthracycline taxane (AT) in the control arm. PRISMA guidelines were used for this review. Data were pooled using fixed and random effects models as appropriate on extracted hazard ratios (HR). Individual patient data (IPD)for disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were extracted from published survival curves of included RCTs; DFS and OS curves for each trial and the combined population were reconstructed, and HR estimated. The primary outcome was DFS; OS, pCR, and toxicity were secondary outcomes. Results: Eight trials with 2425 patients were included. Carboplatin improved DFS (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.47 to 0.78; I 2 45%, p < 0.001) compared with AT at trial level and IPD level (HR 0.66; 95%CI, 0.55 to 0.80, p < 0.001) analysis. The OS also improved with carboplatin at both trial level (HR 0.69, 95%CI 0.50 to 0.95, I 2 41%, p = 0.02) and IPD level (HR 0.68; 95%CI, 0.54 to 0.87, p = 0.002) analysis. The pCR as expected, was better in the carboplatin arm (OR 2.11; 95% CI = 1.44–3.08; I 2 67%, p = 0.009). Anaemia and thrombocytopaenia were higher in the carboplatin arm. Conclusion: and relevance: Carboplatin added to (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC improves survival, as shown in both trial level and IPD analysis. Highlights: Carboplatin in (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival in TNBC. Individual participant data analysis confirms this result. Expected increase in myelosuppression seen with carboplatin. These results have practice-changing implications in how we treat TNBC.