Forecasting soil erosion and sediment yields during flash floods: The disastrous case of Mandra, Greece, 2017. Issue 7 (6th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kaffas, Konstantinos; Papaioannou, George; Varlas, George; Al Sayah, Mario J.; Papadopoulos, Anastasios; Dimitriou, Elias; Katsafados, Petros; Righetti, Maurizio
• Is Part Of: Earth surface processes and landforms. Volume 47:Issue 7(2022)
• Page Start: 1744
• Page End: 1760
• Publication Date: 2022-03-06
• Subjects: CHAOS modeling system -- flash flood -- Mandra -- MUSLE -- sediment yields -- soil erosion; Geomorphology -- Periodicals; 551.4
• DOI: 10.1002/esp.5344
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0197-9337

Abstract

Abstract: Flash floods, among the most destructive natural hazards, are commonly studied as to their catastrophic power in terms of fatalities, infrastructure damages and economic losses. A devastating aftermath of flash floods, which has not received much‐deserved attention in the literature, is the sizeable and permanent soil loss due to soil erosion and sediment yields. This study aims at forecasting soil erosion and sediment yields due to the disastrous storm event that occurred in Mandra town (western Attica, Greece) on 15 November 2017. Gridded hydrometeorological forecasts were conducted at 5‐min and 1‐h time steps by means of the chemical hydrological atmospheric ocean wave system (CHAOS). The forecasts of soil erosion and sediment yields were achieved by a high‐resolution geographic information system (GIS) application of the modified universal soil loss equation (MUSLE) on the basis of the forecasted surface runoff hydrographs. The entire event lasted from the afternoon of 14 November until noon of 15 November, but the bulk of the disastrous storm occurred in the morning of 15 November 2017, flooding two torrent basins. As a result of the extreme flash flood, 2195 tons and 1435 tons of sediment were forecasted to be detached from the body of the soil's surface and transported to the stream networks of the Soures and Agia Aikaterini Torrent basins which cross Mandra. Soil erosion maps were constructed for every hour and the spatial and temporal evolution of soil erosion was shown throughout the event. This study provides concrete insights on the erosion‐prone areas of the study basins, which can inform actions against erosion. Abstract : Soil erosion and sediment yields are forecasted, during the most catastrophic flash flood in recent Greek history, at 250 m and 1‐h spatial and temporal resolutions. It was found that 2195.4 tons and 1435.1 tons of sediment were detached from the soil surface and transported to the stream networks of the two under‐study basins. This study constitutes the first evaluation of the soil erosion and sediment yields of the flash flood of Mandra (2017), even set up in forecast mode.