Consumption of Fruits, Vegetables and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. (3rd July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Xenou, Dimitra; Tzelves, Lazaros; Terpos, Evangelos; Stamatelopoulos, Kimon; Sergentanis, Theodoros N.; Psaltopoulou, Theodora
• Is Part Of: Nutrition and cancer. Volume 74:Number 6(2022)
• Page Start: 2003
• Page End: 2016
• Publication Date: 2022-07-03
• Subjects: Cancer -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Cancer; Nutrition; Periodicals; 616.9940654
• DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1985146
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0163-5581

Abstract

Abstract: We examined the association between fruit/vegetable consumption and bladder cancer (BC) risk in a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies stratifying results by gender, smoking status and geographical region. Eligible studies were sought in MEDLINE and EMBASE up to April 20, 2020. Random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models were implemented for the calculation of pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Fifteen eligible studies were identified (1, 993, 881 subjects, 11, 097 BC cases). Vegetable consumption (pooled RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.87–1.04, n = 10) as well as combined fruit/vegetable consumption was not associated with BC risk. Regarding fruit intake, the overall protective trend did not reach significance (pooled RR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.81–1.02, n = 11); we found however a significant association in East Asians. A trend toward a protective association with citrus fruit consumption was also noted (pooled RR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.69–1.01, n = 6), once again with a significant effect in East Asians. Moreover, no association was found regarding the subgroups of leafy vegetables, dark green vegetables, and berries. Single studies pointed to a reduced BC risk in never smoking males consuming cruciferous vegetables and East Asians consuming yellow vegetables. In conclusion, our study reveals possible protective effects; larger studies are needed to investigate the emerging trends.