616. Vancomycin Is Frequently Administered to Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients Without a Provider Documented Indication and Correlates with Microbiome Disruption and Adverse Events. (26th November 2018) - Golob, Jonathan
Abstract: Background: The gut microbiome of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients correlates with the risk of acute graft- vs.-host disease (aGVHD). IV vancomycin is the most commonly used nonprophylactic antibiotic in HCT recipients at our center. We evaluated indications for vancomycin use and impact of vancomycin exposure on the microbiome. Methods: Antibiotic exposures and provider-documented indications for vancomycin use were assessed through chart review. We assessed adherence to guideline-based recommendations for vancomycin use for courses during neutropenic fever. Weekly stool samples collected from HCT patients before and up to 100 days post-transplant in a previously described cohort had bacterial composition determined from 16S rRNA amplicons analyzed with a phylogeny classifier and was correlated with vancomycin exposure using mixed effects modeling to correct for overlapping and repeated antibiotic exposures. Results: Thirty-seven of 70 (53%) of patients received vancomycin over 61 courses with a mean duration of 8 days; 14 (23%) of these courses were with neutropenic fever. No indication was documented by the provider for 21 (34%) vancomycin courses (Figure 1). Almost half of all courses given for neutropenic fever did not meet guideline indications (Figure 2). Adverse effects occurred in 19 (31%) of vancomycin courses, including 11 (18%) associated with acute kidney injury. Vancomycin was associated with reduced relative abundance of organisms correlated with reduced risk of subsequent severe acute graft vs. host disease and C lostridium scindens, an organism protective against C. difficile infection (CDI) (Figure 3, in bold). Conclusion: Indications for vancomycin were poorly documented and infrequently guideline based. Adverse events occurred in 1 in 3 courses of vancomycin. Vancomycin correlated with microbiome changes which have been associated with increased risk for aGVHD and CDI. Disclosures: S. Pergam, Merck: Consultant, Consulting fee.