The T-A formulation: an efficient approach to model the macroscopic electromagnetic behaviour of HTS coated conductor applications. (1st April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Huber, Felix; Song, Wenjuan; Zhang, Min; Grilli, Francesco
• Is Part Of: Superconductor science & technology. Volume 35:Number 4(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-04-01
• Subjects: HTS modelling -- T-A formulation -- large-scale application -- electromagnetic behaviour; Superconductivity -- Periodicals; Superconductors -- Periodicals; 537.623
• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/ac5163
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0953-2048

Abstract

Abstract: In recent years, the T-A formulation has emerged as an efficient approach for modelling the electromagnetic behaviour of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) tapes in the form of coated conductors (CCs). HTS CCs are characterized by an extremely large width-to-thickness ratio of the superconducting layer, normally up to 1000 ∼ 6000, which in general leads to a very large number of degrees of freedom. The T-A formulation considers the superconducting layer to be infinitely thin. The magnetic vector potential A is used to calculate the magnetic field distribution in all simulated domains. The current vector potential T is used to calculate the current density in the superconducting layer, which is a material simulated with a highly nonlinear power-law resistivity. This article presents a review of the T-A formulation. First, the governing equations are described in detail for different cases (2D and 3D, cartesian and cylindrical coordinates). Then, the literature on the implementation of T-A formulation for simulating applications ranging from simple tape assemblies to high field magnets is reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of this approach are also discussed.