Blood compatibility evaluations of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. (1st March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yu, Hongbo; Wan, Yi; Zhang, Guiyin; Huang, Xiuhong; Lin, Lichen; Zhou, Changren; Jiao, Yanpeng; Li, Hong
• Is Part Of: Biomedical materials. Volume 17:Number 2(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-03-01
• Subjects: Ti3C2Tx -- RBCs -- plasma proteins -- complement activation -- blood clotting -- blood compatibility; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ac45ed
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1748-6041

Abstract

Abstract: Two-dimensional nanomaterial Ti3 C2 T x is a novel biomaterial used for medical apparatus. For its application, biosafety serves as a prerequisite for their use in vivo . So far, no research has systematically reported how Ti3 C2 T x interacts with various components in the blood. In this work, we evaluated the hemocompatibility of Ti3 C2 T x nanosheets which we prepared by HF etching. Effects of the concentration and size of Ti3 C2 T x on the morphology and hemolysis rate of human red blood cells (RBCs), the structure and conformation of plasma proteins, the complement activation, as well as in vitro blood coagulation were studied. In general, Ti3 C2 T x takes on good blood compatibility, but in the case of high concentration (>30 μg ml −1 ) and 'small size' (about 100 nm), it led to the rupture of RBCs membrane and a higher rate of hemolysis. Meanwhile, platelets and complement were inclined to be activated with the increased concentration, accompanying the changed configuration of plasma proteins dependent on concentration. Surprisingly, the presence of Ti3 C2 T x did not significantly disrupt the coagulation. In vitro cell culture, the results prove that when the Ti3 C2 T x concentration is as high as 60 μg ml −1 and still has good biological safety. By establishing a fuzzy mathematical model, it was proved that the hemocompatibility of Ti3 C2 T x is more concentration-dependent than size-dependent, and the hemolysis rate is the most sensitive to the size and concentration of the Ti3 C2 T x . These findings provide insight into the potential use of Ti3 C2 T x as biofriendly nanocontainers for biomaterials in vivo .