Experimental investigation to assess the efficacy of gasoline surrogates with engine testing. (15th September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Patil, Vishal; Singh, Paramvir; Sonage, Sachin; Kumbhakarna, Neeraj; Kumar, Sudarshan
• Is Part Of: Fuel. Volume 324:Part A(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-09-15
• Subjects: Gasoline surrogate -- Ignition delay time -- Laminar burning velocity -- Primary reference fuel -- Spark-ignition engine -- Toluene reference fuel; Fuel -- Periodicals; Coal -- Periodicals; Coal; Fuel; Periodicals; 662.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124493
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0016-2361

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Gasoline surrogates are formulated with the iso -octane, n-heptane and toluene. The efficacy of the surrogates is assessed with engine testing. Combustion analysis of gasoline surrogates is done in SI engine. Engine performance and emissions of gasoline surrogates are compared with commercially available gasoline. Abstract: The formulation of effective gasoline surrogates is a challenging task due to advanced combustion strategies, engine design and variable operating conditions in spark-ignition engines. In earlier studies, the gasoline surrogates with iso -octane, n-heptane and toluene blends were designed to closely match the commercial gasoline fuels based on their laminar burning velocity variation and ignition delay time measurements. A new approach of proposing the next generation gasoline surrogates is investigated in the present study with direct testing of these surrogates in a real SI engine. The present study helps in assessing the efficacy of proposed gasoline surrogates in a real engine. The combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of proposed gasoline surrogates are compared with the commercially available gasoline fuels. A total of 10 (named A to F) surrogates were investigated with variable percentage of iso -octane, n-heptane and toluene. All the tested surrogates were successfully tested in a multi-cylinder engine. The result shows that, SF and SG are suitable to reproduce the combustion and emission characteristics of commercially available gasolines during detailed engine testing. It is observed that surrogate F and G results are more aligned with the commercial gasoline fuels thus representing the commercial gasoline more closely and can use further for validation and modeling of IC engines through the application of detailed kinetic models. However, a significant change was observed for other tested surrogates.