Chemotherapy as a risk factor for caries and gingivitis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A retrospective cohort study. Issue 4 (20th December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shayani, Anis; Aravena, Pedro Christian; Rodríguez‐Salinas, Carolina; Escobar‐Silva, Pamela; Diocares‐Monsálvez, Yandolín; Angulo‐Gutiérrez, Carolina; Rivera, César
• Is Part Of: International journal of paediatric dentistry. Volume 32:Issue 4(2022)
• Page Start: 538
• Page End: 545
• Publication Date: 2021-12-20
• Subjects: acute lymphoblastic leukemia -- chemotherapy -- children -- cohort -- dental caries -- risk factor; Pedodontics -- Periodicals; 617.645
• DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12932
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-7439

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Dental and oral anomalies are among the most common long‐term side effects of childhood cancer therapy. Aim: To evaluate chemotherapy as a risk factor for caries lesions and gingivitis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with the ALL IC‐BFM 2009 chemotherapy protocol. Design: A retrospective cohort study was designed. Clinical records of 23 paediatric patients with ALL exposed to chemotherapy in the Regional Hospital in Valdivia, Chile, and 46 unexposed patients assessed every 3 months for 24 months were analyzed. The data on gender, age, index of the number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth, and the presence of gingivitis were recorded (Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis, p ≤ .05). Results: A significantly greater frequency of gingivitis (69.57%; p < .002) and a mean of new caries lesions were observed in children treated with chemotherapy than in the unexposed children ( p < .01). The chemotherapy protocol presented a relative risk of 2.15 (95% CI = 1.22 ‐ 2.66; p = .01) for new caries lesions and 2.29 (95% CI = 1.76 ‐ 3.82; p = .002) for gingivitis. Conclusion: The ALL IC‐BFM 2009 chemotherapy protocol in patients with ALL is a risk factor for new caries lesions and gingivitis.