Transition metal dichalcogenides as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction: The emblematic case of "inert" ZrSe2 as catalyst for electrolyzers. Issue 6 (7th April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Najafi, Leyla; Bellani, Sebastiano; Zappia, Marilena I.; Serri, Michele; Oropesa‐Nuñez, Reinier; Bagheri, Ahmad; Beydaghi, Hossein; Brescia, Rosaria; Pasquale, Lea; Shinde, Dipak V.; Zuo, Yong; Drago, Filippo; Mosina, Kseniia; Sofer, Zdeněk; Manna, Liberato; Bonaccorso, Francesco
• Is Part Of: Nano select. Volume 3:Issue 6(2022)
• Page Start: 1069
• Page End: 1081
• Publication Date: 2022-04-07
• Subjects: electrolyzer -- hydrogen evolution reaction -- transition metal dichalcogenides; Nanoscience -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; 620.5
• DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100364
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2688-4011

Abstract

Abstract: The development of earth‐abundant electrocatalysts (ECs) operating at high current densities in water splitting electrolyzers is pivotal for the widespread use of the current green hydrogen production plants. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising alternatives to the most efficient noble metal ECs, leading to a wealth of research. Some strategies based on material nanostructuring and hybridization, introduction of defects and chemical/physical modifications appeared as universal approaches to provide catalytic properties to TMDs, regardless of the specific material. In this work, we show that even a theoretically poorly catalytic (and poorly studied) TMD, namely zirconium diselenide (ZrSe2 ), can act as an efficient EC for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) when exfoliated in the form of two‐dimensional (2D) few‐layer flakes. We critically show the difficulties of explaining the catalytic mechanisms of the resulting ECs in the presence of complex structural and chemical modifications, which are nevertheless evaluated extensively. By doing so, we also highlight the easiness of transforming 2D TMDs into effective HER‐ECs . To strengthen our message in practical environments, we report ZrSe2 ‐based acidic (proton exchange membrane [PEM]) and alkaline water electrolyzers operating at 400 mA cm –2 at a voltage of 1.88 and 1.92 V, respectively, thus competing with commercial technologies. Abstract : Material nanostructuring and hybridization, introduction of defects and chemical/physical modifications are proposed as universal approaches to provide catalytic properties to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), as shown for the emblematic case of "inert" ZrSe2 that becomes an efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)