Computational mechanistic studies on persulfate assisted p‐phenylenediamine polymerization. Issue 19 (1st June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Abdullayev, Yusif; Rzayev, Ramil; Autschbach, Jochen
• Is Part Of: Journal of computational chemistry. Volume 43:Issue 19(2022)
• Page Start: 1313
• Page End: 1319
• Publication Date: 2022-06-01
• Subjects: DFT -- energy barrier -- noncovalent interaction -- polymerization -- potassium persulfate -- p‐phenylenediamine -- transition state; Chemistry -- Data processing -- Periodicals; 542.85
• DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26943
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0192-8651

Abstract

Abstract: p‐Phenylenediamine (p‐PDA) is a monomer of many important polymers such as kevlar, twaron, poly‐p‐PDA. Most of the noticed polymers formation is initiated by a free‐radical, but their polymerization mechanism is not elucidated computationally. The proposed study helps to fully understand the frequently utilized initiator/oxidant, potassium persulfate (K2 S2 O8 ) role in the aromatic diamines polymerization, which support experimental protocols, and a polymer scope. The formation of the poly‐p‐PDA is studied with the density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP‐D3 functional using experimental polymerization parameters (0°C and aqueous media). K2 S2 O8 initiated free‐radical polymerization of p‐PDA is studied in detail, taking into account sulfate free‐radical (SO4 − ) ·, SFR, persulfate anion (S2 O8 ) 2−, PA and K2 S2 O8 cluster, PP. The reaction mechanism is calculated as the conversion of p‐PDA to free‐radical, the p‐PDA free‐radical attack to the next p‐PDA (dimerization), ammonia extrusion from the dimer adduct, the dimer adduct conversion to the free‐radical (completion of p‐PDA polymerization cycle) for the polymer chain elongation. Calculations show that the dimerization step is the rate‐limiting step with a 29.2 kcal/mol energy barrier when SFR initiates polymerization. In contrast, the PA‐assisted dimerization energy barrier is only 12.7 kcal/mol. PP supported polymerization is calculated to have very shallow energy barriers completing the polymerization cycle, i.e., dimerization (TS2K, ∆G ‡ = 11.6 kcal/mol) and ammonia extrusion (TS3K, ∆ G ‡ = 6.7 kcal/mol). Abstract : Potassium persulfate assisted p‐phenylenediamine polymerization mechanism is studied computationally. Free‐radical formation, dimerization, and ammonia extrusion steps are proposed for the polymer chain elongation. Density functional theory studies unveil the potassium persulfate effects on the polymerization in aqueous media.