Role of non-coding RNAs in the progression and resistance of cutaneous malignancies and autoimmune diseases. (August 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Khan, Abdul Q.; Ahmad, Fareed; Raza, Syed Shadab; Zarif, Lubna; Siveen, Kodappully S.; Sher, Gulab; Agha, Maha Victor; Rashid, Khalid; Kulinski, Michal; Buddenkotte, Joerg; Uddin, Shahab; Steinhoff, Martin
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cancer biology. Volume 83(2022)
• Page Start: 208
• Page End: 226
• Publication Date: 2022-08
• Subjects: nc-RNAs non-coding RNAs -- cirRNA Circular RNA -- snRNA small nuclear RNA -- snoRNA small nucleolar RNA -- miRNA micro RNA -- lncRNA long noncoding RNA -- piRNA piwi-interacting RNA -- SSC squamous cell carcinoma -- BCC basal cell carcinoma -- tRNA transfer RNA -- rRNA ribosomal RNA -- mRNA messenger RNA -- primiRNA primary miRNA -- AGO Argonaute -- UTR 3′untranslated region -- ORF open reading frames -- ecircRNAs exon circular RNAs -- ciRNAs circular intronic RNAs -- EIciRNAs exon-intron circRNAs -- f-circRNAs fusion circular RNAs -- RBPs RNA-binding proteins -- SHIP2 SH2-containing inositol phosphatase-2 (SHIP2), and also aberreviated as INPPL1 (inositol polyphosphate 5′-phosphatase-like protein-1) -- MITF microphthalmia transcription factor -- Tyr Tyrosinase -- Hyal Hyalurodinase -- ANCR Antidifferentiation noncoding RNA -- TINCR Terminal differentiation-induced noncoding RNA -- ANRIL Antisense non‐coding RNA in the INK4 locus -- DNMT DNA methyltransferase -- HDFs human dermal ibroblasts -- HFSCs human hair follicle stem cells -- PICSAR p38 inhibited cSCC associated lincRNA -- SBHA Suberic bishydroxamate -- MALAT1 metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 -- UCA1 urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 -- ASncmtRNAs antisense noncoding mitochondrial RNAs -- CASC15 cancer susceptibility candidate 15 -- PRINS psoriasis susceptibility–related RNA gene induced by stress -- MSX2P1 Msh homeobox 2 pseudogene 1 -- PASI Psoriasis Area and Severity Index -- CASC15 lincRNA Cancer susceptibility candidate 15 long intergenic noncoding RNA -- CRNDE Colorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed -- DRAIC Downregulated RNA In Cancer -- GAS5 Growth arrest-specific 5 -- HOTAIR HOX transcript antisense RNA -- HOTTIP HOXA transcript at the distal tip -- HOXD-AS1 HOXD antisense 1 -- MEG3 maternally expressed 3 -- PVT1 Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 -- SLNCR SRA-like non-coding RNA -- SNHG5 small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 -- UCA1 Urothelial Cancer Associated 1 -- TUG1 Taurine Up-Regulated 1 -- XIST X-inactive specific transcript -- lncRNA-NEAT1 lncRNA-Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 -- lncRNA ZFAS1 ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 -- LncRNA WAKMAR1 wound and keratinocyte migration-associated lncRNA 1 -- NK cells natural killer cells; Cutaneous malignancies -- nc-RNAs -- Cancer resistance and metastasis -- Epigenetic changes -- Autoimmune diseases; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Review Literature; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-579X

Abstract

Abstract: Skin, the largest organ of human body, is vital for the existence and survival of human beings. Further, developmental and physiological mechanisms associated with cutaneous biology are vital for homeostasis as their deregulations converge towards pathogenesis of a number of skin diseases, including cancer. It has now been well accepted that most of the transcribed human genome lacks protein translational potential and has been termed as non-coding RNAs (nc-RNAs), which includes circular RNA (circRNA), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), micro RNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNAs). These nc-RNAs have gained great attention in both preclinical and clinical research as they are critical in most of the regulatory mechanisms of biological homeostasis and disease development by controlling the gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic level. In this review we have illustrated how nc-RNAs are critical in the development and maintenance of cutaneous homeostasis and functioning and also, most importantly, how the dysregulated expression and functioning of nc-RNAs play critical role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous diseases including cancer and the autoimmune skin diseases. Considering the vital role of nc-RNAs in cancer resistance, metastasis and autoimmune diseases, we have also highlighted their role as promising prognostic and therapeutic targets for the cutaneous diseases.