Investigational immunomodulatory drugs for enhancement of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) immunotherapy: early phase development. (3rd June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tarantino, Paolo; Antonarelli, Gabriele; Ascione, Liliana; Curigliano, Giuseppe
• Is Part Of: Expert opinion on investigational drugs. Volume 31:Number 6(2022)
• Page Start: 499
• Page End: 513
• Publication Date: 2022-06-03
• Subjects: Immunotherapy -- triple negative breast cancer -- TNBC -- next-generation immune-checkpoint inhibitors -- clinical trials -- breast cancer; Drugs -- Design -- Periodicals; Drugs, Investigational -- Bibliography; Drugs, Investigational -- Periodicals; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1972968
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1354-3784

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Immunotherapy through the blockade of PD1-PDL1 axis has shown to improve outcomes in advanced and early triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). To further enhance immune-stimulation, and ultimately improve patient outcomes, a wide variety of next-generation immunotherapies (NGIO) is being developed for this disease. Areas covered: In the present article, we discuss the immune landscape of TNBC and recapitulate the rationale and available clinical evidence of NGIO under early phase development for TNBC, highlighting challenges and opportunities in this emerging field of research. Expert opinion: Multiple immunotherapeutic strategies beyond PD-(L)1 blockade have been tested for TNBC, including the targeting of further inhibitory checkpoints, the agonism of costimulatory molecules, the intratumoral administration of immunotherapies and cancer vaccines. Most of these strategies have demonstrated to be safe in early clinical trials, with some exhibiting early signs of antitumor activity. To optimally harness the potential of NGIO, a refined patient selection based on emerging immune biomarkers will be required, through an adaptation of immunotherapeutic strategies based on patient and tumor characteristics. More mature data from ongoing clinical trials, added to the progressively increasing knowledge on breast cancer immune landscape, will hopefully clarify the role of NGIO for the treatment of TNBC.