Efficacy of azacitidine in preventing relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for advanced myeloid malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Issue 5 (4th May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pan, Tingting; Han, Shiyu; Zhou, Meng; Qi, Jiaqian; Wang, Hong; Xu, Xiaoyan; Li, Xueqian; Yao, Yifang; Han, Yue
• Is Part Of: Expert review of hematology. Volume 15:Issue 5(2022)
• Page Start: 457
• Page End: 464
• Publication Date: 2022-05-04
• Subjects: Azacitidine -- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation -- prophylaxis of relapse -- myeloid malignancies; Hematology -- Periodicals; 616.15005
• DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2073214
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1747-4086

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: Relapse is the leading cause of death from myeloid malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Azacitidine has gained attention in recent years in the prophylaxis of relapsed refractory hematologic malignancies. This study evaluated the efficacy of AZA in preventing relapse after HSCT in patients with myeloid malignancies. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of all available cohort studies were performed regarding the application of AZA for prophylaxis of relapse after HSCT for advanced MDS and AML. Databases were searched for relevant studies. Endpoints included 2-year relapse rate, survival, relapse-related mortality, as well as the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Results: A total of 444 patients from 13 studies were included in this analysis. The pooled estimate of the cumulative incidence of relapse after two years in enrolled patients was 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 18%-33%). The pooled estimates of 2-year survival probabilities were 65% (95% CI, 50%-79%). The pooled cumulative incidence of relapse-related mortality was 28% (95% CI, 22%-34%). The pooled estimated incidence of acute and chronic GVHD, respectively, were 28% (95% CI, 22%-34%) and 38% (95% CI, 27%-49%). Conclusion: AZA administration is efficacious for relapse prevention after HSCT in myeloid malignancies.