Mitotic drive in asymmetric epigenetic inheritance. (29th April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ranjan, Rajesh; Chen, Xin
• Is Part Of: Biochemical Society transactions. Volume 50:Number 2(2022)
• Page Start: 675
• Page End: 688
• Publication Date: 2022-04-29
• Subjects: centromere and kinetochore -- DNA replication -- epigenetic inheritance -- and cell fate determination -- mitotic drive -- nonrandom sister chromatid segregation -- stem cell -- and asymmetric cell division (ACD); Biochemistry -- Congresses; 572
• DOI: 10.1042/BST20200267
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0300-5127

Abstract

Abstract : Asymmetric cell division (ACD) produces two daughter cells with distinct cell fates. This division mode is widely used during development and by adult stem cells during tissue homeostasis and regeneration, which can be regulated by both extrinsic cues such as signaling molecules and intrinsic factors such as epigenetic information. While the DNA replication process ensures that the sequences of sister chromatids are identical, how epigenetic information is re-distributed during ACD has remained largely unclear in multicellular organisms. Studies of Drosophila male germline stem cells (GSCs) have revealed that sister chromatids incorporate pre-existing and newly synthesized histones differentially and segregate asymmetrically during ACD. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon, two key questions must be answered: first, how and when asymmetric histone information is established; and second, how epigenetically distinct sister chromatids are distinguished and segregated. Here, we discuss recent advances which help our understanding of this interesting and important cell division mode.