Similar Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Similar Nucleocapsid Antibody Levels in People With Well-Controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and a Comparable Cohort of People Without HIV. (20th December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Verburgh, Myrthe L; Boyd, Anders; Wit, Ferdinand W N M; Schim van der Loeff, Maarten F; van der Valk, Marc; Bakker, Margreet; Kootstra, Neeltje A; van der Hoek, Lia; Reiss, Peter
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 225:Number 11(2022)
• Page Start: 1937
• Page End: 1947
• Publication Date: 2021-12-20
• Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 -- HIV -- COVID-19 -- incidence -- serology; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab616
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Within the ongoing AGEh IV Cohort Study in Amsterdam, we prospectively compared the incidence of and risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive and HIV-negative participants. Moreover, we compared SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody levels between participants with incident infection from both groups. Methods: Starting in September 2020, consenting HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants were assessed every 6 months for incident SARS-CoV-2 infection, using combined immunoglobulin (Ig) A/IgM/IgG SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody assay. Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated risk factors were assessed from 27 February 2020 through 30 April 2021, using complementary log-log regression. In those with incident SARS-CoV-2 infection, nucleocapsid (N) antibody levels were compared between groups using linear regression. Results: The study included 241 HIV-positive (99.2% virally suppressed) and 326 HIV-negative AGEh IV participants. The cumulative SARS-CoV-2 incidence by April 2021 was 13.4% and 11.6% in HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants, respectively ( P = .61). Younger age and African origin were independently associated with incident infection. In those with incident infection, only self-reported fever, but not HIV status, was associated with higher N antibody levels. Conclusions: HIV-positive individuals with suppressed viremia and adequate CD4 cell counts had similar risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition and similar SARS-CoV-2 N antibody levels after infection compared with a comparable HIV-negative cohort. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT01466582. Abstract : Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive individuals with suppressed viremia and adequate CD4 cell counts, compared with a comparable HIV-negative cohort, were not at increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and had similar postinfection nucleocapsid antibody levels.