A call to reconceptualize lichen symbioses. (July 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Allen, Jessica L.; Lendemer, James C.
• Is Part Of: Trends in ecology & evolution. Volume 37:Number 7(2022)
• Page Start: 582
• Page End: 589
• Publication Date: 2022-07
• Subjects: Anthropocene resiliency -- multiomics -- network biology -- systems theory -- transdisciplinary; Ecology -- Periodicals; Evolution (Biology) -- Periodicals; 576.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.03.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0169-5347

Abstract

Abstract : Several decades of research across disciplines have overturned historical perspectives of symbioses dominated by binary characterizations of highly specific species–species interactions. This paradigm shift has unlocked the previously underappreciated and overlooked dynamism of fungal mutualisms such as mycorrhizae. Lichens are another example of important fungal mutualisms where reconceptualization is urgently needed to realize their potential as model systems. This reconceptualization requires both an objective synthesis of new data and envisioning a revised integrative approach that unifies the spectrum of ecology and evolution. We propose a ten-theme framework that if pursued would propel lichens to the vanguard of symbiotic theory. Highlights: Partner flexibility is increasingly recognized as integral to successful mutualistic symbioses. Fungi are some of the most diverse, impactful, and widespread mutualistic symbionts. Growing evidence from lichen genomics, biochemistry, evolution, and ecology are challenging long-held perspectives on these key groups of mutualists. We draw on this new research to present a framework for reconceptualizing lichens and propose lichen symbioses as ideal model systems.