Blood culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis and daptomycin-associated eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report. Issue 6 (June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fujii, Emi; Arita, Takuto; Uejima, Tokuhisa; Matsuhama, Minoru; Iida, Mitsuru; Inoue, Tatsuya; Yajima, Junji; Yamashita, Takeshi
• Is Part Of: Journal of cardiology cases. Volume 25:Issue 6(2022)
• Page Start: 354
• Page End: 358
• Publication Date: 2022-06
• Subjects: Culture negative endocarditis -- Prosthetic valve endocarditis -- Acute eosinophilic pneumonia -- Daptomycin -- Steroid; Cardiology -- Periodicals; Cardiovascular Diseases -- Case Reports; Cardiovascular Diseases -- Periodicals; Cardiology -- Case Reports; Cardiology -- Periodicals; Cardiology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.12
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2021.12.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1878-5409

Abstract

Abstract: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare but severe side effect of daptomycin, which has been recommended as empirical antimicrobial drug therapy for blood culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis. Here, we present a case of an 82-year-old man who developed fever, cough, and shortness of breath after 23-day treatment with daptomycin for prosthetic valve endocarditis. Bilateral ground-glass opacities were observed on computed tomography with peripheral eosinophilia of 640/μL (7%). Cessation of daptomycin and commencement of corticosteroid therapy improved his symptoms. This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis of acute eosinophilic pneumonia in endocarditis patients treated with daptomycin. <Learning objective: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare but severe side effect of daptomycin, which has been recommended as empirical antimicrobial drug therapy for blood culture-negative endocarditis. As an alternative to vancomycin for treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the use of daptomycin for culture-negative endocarditis is increasing. Daptomycin-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia requires withdrawal of daptomycin and commencement of oral prednisolone. Careful prescription of oral antibiotics is needed in febrile patients with prosthetic valves.>