Tissue engineered in-vitro vascular patch fabrication using hybrid 3D printing and electrospinning. (March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mayoral, Isabel; Bevilacqua, Elisa; Gómez, Gorka; Hmadcha, Abdelkrim; González-Loscertales, Ignacio; Reina, Esther; Sotelo, Julio; Domínguez, Antonia; Pérez-Alcántara, Pedro; Smani, Younes; González-Puertas, Patricia; Mendez, Ana; Uribe, Sergio; Smani, Tarik; Ordoñez, Antonio; Valverde, Israel
• Is Part Of: Materials today bio. Volume 14(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-03
• Subjects: Tissue engineering -- Vascular graft -- 3D printing -- Electrospinning -- Mesenchymal stem cells; Three-dimensional 3D -- tissue engineering vascular grafts TEVG -- fused deposition modelling FDM -- vascular smooth muscle cells VSMC -- mesenchymal stem cells MSC -- derived VSMC dVSMC -- extracellular matrix ECM -- computed tomography CT -- computation fluid dynamic CFD -- wall shear stress WSS -- transforming growth factor beta 1 TGFβ-1 -- platelet-derived growth factor composed by two beta chains PDGF-BB -- bone morphogenetic protein BMP4 -- room temperature RT -- western blotting WB -- Reverse Transcription Rt -- anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin α-SMA -- anti-smooth muscle protein 22 SM-22 -- anti-fibroblast specific protein 1 FSP1 -- anti-cluster of differentiation 31 CD31 -- endothelin-1 ET-1 -- Endothelin Receptor A ETA -- Endothelin Receptor B ETB; Materials science -- Periodicals; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 620.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100252
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2590-0064

Abstract

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) engineered cardiovascular tissues have shown great promise to replace damaged structures. Specifically, tissue engineering vascular grafts (TEVG) have the potential to replace biological and synthetic grafts. We aimed to design an in-vitro patient-specific patch based on a hybrid 3D print combined with vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) differentiation. Based on the medical images of a 2 months-old girl with aortic arch hypoplasia and using computational modelling, we evaluated the most hemodynamically efficient aortic patch surgical repair. Using the designed 3D patch geometry, the scaffold was printed using a hybrid fused deposition modelling (FDM) and electrospinning techniques. The scaffold was seeded with multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for later maturation to derived VSMC (dVSMC). The graft showed adequate resistance to physiological aortic pressure (burst pressure 101 ​± ​15 ​mmHg) and a porosity gradient ranging from 80 to 10 ​μm allowing cells to infiltrate through the entire thickness of the patch. The bio-scaffolds showed good cell viability at days 4 and 12 and adequate functional vasoactive response to endothelin-1. In summary, we have shown that our method of generating patient-specific patch shows adequate hemodynamic profile, mechanical properties, dVSMC infiltration, viability and functionality. This innovative 3D biotechnology has the potential for broad application in regenerative medicine and potentially in heart disease prevention. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: This study combines multidisciplinary approach for bioprinting patient-specific. We create a 3D scaffold, printed using a hybrid fused deposition modelling and electrospinning techniques. The graft shows adequate resistance to physiological aortic pressure and a porosity gradient. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells seeded in the scaffold are differentiated to derived vascular smooth muscle cells. dVSMC shows adequate endothelin- 1 induced Ca2+ increase associated with ETA overexpression.