Priority mono-aromatics measured in anthropogenic impacted soils from Delta, Nigeria: concentrations, origin, and human health risk. Issue 1 (4th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Emoyan, Onoriode O.; Agbaire, Patience O.; Ohwo, Efe; Tesi, Godswill O.
• Is Part Of: Environmental forensics. Volume 23:Issue 1/2(2022)
• Page Start: 141
• Page End: 152
• Publication Date: 2022-03-04
• Subjects: BTEX -- land use -- diesel combustion -- generator -- soil pollution; Environmental forensics -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Measurement -- Periodicals; Environmental law -- Periodicals; Enquêtes environnementales -- Périodiques; 363.25945
• DOI: 10.1080/15275922.2021.1892880
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1527-5922

Abstract

Abstract: This study determined the background occurrence, origin, and human health risk of priority mono-aromatics in soil samples around diesel-powered electricity generators from selected land use environments in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected in a 20 ml vial containing 5 ml of methanol and caped with a crimp. The BTEX species were determined with a Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (HS-GCMS). The mean concentration of ƩBTEX ranged from 0.04 to 2.42 mg kg −1 and was considerably higher in 56% of the sites. The individual and ƩBTEX concentrations are within the Ministry Order (MO) intervention threshold and below the Department of Petroleum Resources-Environmental guidelines and standards for the petroleum industry in Nigeria (DPR-EGASPIN) intervention values. The source analysis indicates that BTEX compounds originated from a common source attributed to gasoline-diesel combustion exhaust, storage, other stationary sources, and fuel evaporative losses from fuel service stations around the gasoline/diesel combustion electricity generator. The hazard index for infants' in 66% of the sites was higher than 1, suggesting adverse non-carcinogenic health effects. The cancer ingestion and dermal exposure risk for infants were greater than that of adults. This study has shown that the diesel-powered electricity generator has impacted considerable concentrations of ƩBTEX in the land-use sites. The agency for power and energy should ensure regular public electricity supply, while the use of solar panels as an alternative source of electric energy should be encouraged. Further study on the occurrence of other priority contaminants in indoor and outdoor environments should be determined in the land-use sites.