Sampling in environmental matrices: a critical review. Issue 1 (4th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bhave, Prashant P.; Sadhwani, Karan
• Is Part Of: Environmental forensics. Volume 23:Issue 1/2(2022)
• Page Start: 75
• Page End: 92
• Publication Date: 2022-03-04
• Subjects: Dumping ground -- sampling design -- data quality indicator -- environmental matrix -- mercury -- representativeness; Environmental forensics -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Measurement -- Periodicals; Environmental law -- Periodicals; Enquêtes environnementales -- Périodiques; 363.25945
• DOI: 10.1080/15275922.2021.1887971
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1527-5922

Abstract

Abstract: The sampling design of Deonar dumping ground located at Mumbai, India is conceptualized in this paper using seven different sampling protocols. The sampling design is developed to investigate the total mercury levels in the soil. Individual units are selected from the population to establish the pollution status of the area. It is seen that time and budgetary constraints are major factors affecting the selection of sampling protocols. Data Quality Objectives (DQO), Data Quality Indicators (DQI) and Data Quality Assessment (DQA) form part of the sampling design. Data Quality Objectives and Data Quality Indicators are designed for Deonar dumping ground. DQI's include precision, accuracy, representativeness, comparability, completeness, bias, reproducibility, repeatability and sensitivity. DQO consist of a seven-step plan to optimize the sampling design for obtaining the required data from site investigation. Sampling protocols form a part of DQO's. It is found that the optimal sampling protocol depends on the underlying goals of the site investigation. Sampling protocols namely judgmental, simple random, stratified, ranked set, systematic and grid, adaptive cluster and composite are applied to the dumping ground. A critical review of sampling in the environmental matrix is presented.