Role of noncanonical Wnt ligands and Ror‐family receptor tyrosine kinases in the development, regeneration, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Issue 1 (17th January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kamizaki, Koki; Endo, Mitsuharu; Minami, Yasuhiro; Kobayashi, Yasuhiro
• Other Names: Bandyopadhyay Amitabha guestEditor.; Francis‐West Philippa guestEditor.; Katti Dhirendra guestEditor.; Roselló‐Díez Alberto guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Developmental dynamics. Volume 250:Issue 1(2021)
• Page Start: 27
• Page End: 38
• Publication Date: 2020-01-17
• Subjects: bone resorption -- locomotive organs -- musculoskeletal system -- osteopenia -- Ror‐family receptor tyrosine kinases -- sarcopenia -- skeletal muscle regeneration; Morphogenesis -- Periodicals; Anatomy -- Periodicals; Anatomie -- Périodiques; Biologie du développement -- Périodiques; 571.833
• DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.151
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-8388

Abstract

Abstract: The Ror‐family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), consisting of Ror1 and Ror2, play crucial roles in morphogenesis and formation of various tissues/organs, including the bones and skeletal muscles, the so‐called musculoskeletal system, during embryonic development, by acting as receptors or coreceptors for a noncanonical Wnt protein Wnt5a. Furthermore, several lines of evidence have indicated that Ror1 and/or Ror2 play critical roles in the regeneration and maintenance of the musculoskeletal system in adults. Considering the anatomical and functional relationship between the skeleton and skeletal muscles, their structural and functional association might be tightly regulated during their embryonic development, development after birth, and their regeneration after injury in adults. Importantly, in addition to their congenital anomalies, much attention has been paid onto the age‐related disorders of the musculoskeletal system, including osteopenia and sarcopenia, which affect severely the quality of life. In this article, we overview recent advances in our understanding of the roles of Ror1‐ and/or Ror2‐mediated signaling in the embryonic development, regeneration in adults, and congenital and age‐related disorders of the musculoskeletal system and discuss possible therapeutic approaches to locomotive syndromes by modulating Ror1‐ and/or Ror2‐mediated signaling. Key Findings: We overview current findings of the roles of Ror1 and/or Ror2‐mediated signaling in regulating the functions of musculoskeletal system. Ror1 and/or Ror2‐mediated signaling plays important roles during skeletal muscle regeneration. Ror2‐mediated signaling plays critical roles in osteoclastogenesis and regulating bone mass. Anatomical and functional interactions among the skeletal muscles, bones and tendons, are required for proper functions of the musculoskeletal system, and therefore we discuss the possible roles of Ror family receptor tyrosine kinases in this complex interplay to regulate the musculoskeletal system.