Direct dopamine terminal regulation by local striatal microcircuitry. Issue 5 (19th June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nolan, Suzanne O.; Zachry, Jennifer E.; Johnson, Amy R.; Brady, Lillian J.; Siciliano, Cody A.; Calipari, Erin S.
• Is Part Of: Journal of neurochemistry. Volume 155:Issue 5(2020)
• Page Start: 475
• Page End: 493
• Publication Date: 2020-06-19
• Subjects: Neurochemistry -- Periodicals; 616.8042
• DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15034
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3042

Abstract

Abstract: Regulation of axonal dopamine release by local microcircuitry is at the hub of several biological processes that govern the timing and magnitude of signaling events in reward‐related brain regions. An important characteristic of dopamine release from axon terminals in the striatum is that it is rapidly modulated by local regulatory mechanisms. These processes can occur via homosynaptic mechanisms—such as presynaptic dopamine autoreceptors and dopamine transporters ‐ as well heterosynaptic mechanisms such as retrograde signaling from postsynaptic cholinergic and dynorphin systems, among others. Additionally, modulation of dopamine release via diffusible messengers, such as nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide, allows for various metabolic factors to quickly and efficiently regulate dopamine release and subsequent signaling. Here we review how these mechanisms work in concert to influence the timing and magnitude of striatal dopamine signaling, independent of action potential activity at the level of dopaminergic cell bodies in the midbrain, thereby providing a parallel pathway by which dopamine can be modulated. Understanding the complexities of local regulation of dopamine signaling is required for building comprehensive frameworks of how activity throughout the dopamine system is integrated to drive signaling and control behavior. Abstract : Regulation of axonal dopamine release by local microcircuitry is at the hub of several biological processes that govern the timing and magnitude of signaling events in reward‐related brain regions. Dopamine release at terminals in the striatum can be modulated by a variety of mechanisms, including homosynaptic mechanisms intrinsic to the cell itself and heterosynaptic mechanisms that integrate activity of local microcircuitry. Together, these mechanisms work in concert to dynamically regulate dopamine release, uptake and repackaging for future release events, and thus exert precise control over dopaminergic activity. Here we review how these mechanisms work together to influence the timing and magnitude of striatal dopamine signaling, independent of action potential activity at the level of dopaminergic cell bodies in the midbrain, thereby providing a parallel pathway by which dopamine can be modulated.