Monocytes in central nervous system remyelination. Issue 5 (28th October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Forbes, Lindsey H.; Miron, Veronique E.
• Is Part Of: Glia. Volume 70:Issue 5(2022)
• Page Start: 797
• Page End: 807
• Publication Date: 2021-10-28
• Subjects: macrophages -- monocyte subsets -- monocyte‐derived macrophages -- monocytes -- multiple sclerosis -- remyelination; Neuroglia -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 611.0188
• DOI: 10.1002/glia.24111
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0894-1491

Abstract

Abstract: Remyelination failure with aging and progression of neurodegenerative disorders contributes to axonal dysfunction, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms underpinning this process to develop regenerative therapies. Central nervous system (CNS) macrophages, encompassing both resident microglia and blood monocyte‐derived cells, play a crucial role in driving successful remyelination. Although there has been a focus on the critical roles of microglia in remyelination, the specific contribution of monocyte‐derived macrophages is still not fully understood. Until recently, the lack of tools enabling distinction between CNS macrophage populations has hindered our understanding of monocyte influence on remyelination. Recent advances have allowed for identification and characterization of monocyte populations in health, aging and in neurodegenerative conditions like multiple sclerosis, indicating heterogeneity of monocyte subsets impacted by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Here, we discuss the new tools enabling distinction between macrophage populations and advancements in understanding the importance of monocytes in remyelination, and reflect on the potential for therapeutic targeting of monocytes to promote remyelination. Main Points: Monocytes support remyelination, yet differential contribution of subsets is unknown. Monocyte dysregulation with ageing and disease may cause remyelination failure. Targeting monocytes is a promising strategy to promote remyelination.