Can dietary patterns prevent cognitive impairment and reduce Alzheimer's disease risk: Exploring the underlying mechanisms of effects. (April 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chu, Chuan-Qi; Yu, Lei-lei; Qi, Guo-yuan; Mi, Ya-Shi; Wu, Wan-Qiang; Lee, Yuan-kun; Zhai, Qi-Xiao; Tian, Feng-Wei; Chen, Wei
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 135(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-04
• Subjects: Dietary patterns -- Mediterranean -- DASH -- MIND -- Ketogenic diet -- Dietary restriction -- Cognitive impairment -- Alzheimer's disease -- Gut microbiome -- Personalized nutrition; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104556
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the fastest growing cognitive decline-related neurological diseases. To date, effective curative strategies have remained elusive. A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary patterns have significant effects on cognitive function and the risk of developing AD. Previous studies on the association between diet and AD risk have mainly focused on individual food components and specific nutrients, and the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of dietary patterns on AD are not well understood. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurological delay (MIND), ketogenic diet, caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, methionine restriction, and low-protein and high-carbohydrate diet, on cognitive impairment and summarizes the underlying mechanisms by which dietary patterns attenuate cognitive impairment, especially highlighting the modulation of dietary patterns on cognitive impairment through gut microbiota. Furthermore, considering the variability in individual metabolic responses to dietary intake, we put forward a framework to develop personalized dietary patterns for people with cognitive disorders or AD based on individual gut microbiome compositions. Highlights: Focus has been placed on dietary patterns for the protective effect of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The underlying mechanisms through which different dietary patterns prevent AD have been identified. The microbiota-gut-brain axis mediates dietary patterns-induced effects on AD. A framework to develop personalized microbiota-directed dietary interventions for AD have been suggested.