Body mass index and its association with COVID-19 clinical outcomes: Findings from the Philippine CORONA study. (June 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Espiritu, Adrian I.; Reyes, Nikolai Gil D.; Leochico, Carl Froilan D.; Sy, Marie Charmaine C.; Villanueva III, Emilio Q.; Anlacan, Veeda Michelle M.; Jamora, Roland Dominic G.
• Is Part Of: Clinical nutrition ESPEN. Volume 49(2022)
• Page Start: 402
• Page End: 410
• Publication Date: 2022-06
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- SARS-CoV-2 -- Body mass index -- Underweight -- Obesity -- Outcomes; BMI body mass index -- CORONA COVID-19 Outcomes: a Retrospective study Of Neurological manifestations and Associated symptoms -- COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019 -- HR hazard ratio -- IMV invasive mechanical ventilation -- IQR interquartile range -- ICU intensive care unit -- SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 -- WHO World Health Organization; Nutritionally induced diseases -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Disorders -- Periodicals; 616.39005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2405-4577

Abstract

Summary: Background and aims: To explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and adverse outcomes in a large cohort of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a 37-site, nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study that investigated the clinical and neurological outcomes of adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted from February to December 15, 2020. Results: We analyzed 4, 463 patients with BMI and outcome data. A total of 790 (17.7%) and 710 (15.9%) had the primary outcome of in-hospital mortality and need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), respectively. There was no significant association between WHO BMI groups and these outcomes. Using Asia-Pacific cutoffs showed a significant association between obesity and in-hospital mortality risk ( P = 0.012). Being underweight was an independent predictor of prolonged IMV requirement regardless of BMI criteria used ( P < 0.01). Obesity correlated with the need for intensive care unit admission using Asia-Pacific cutoffs ( P = 0.029). There was a significant association between any BMI abnormality and odds of severe/critical COVID-19 ( P < 0.05). Obese patients with concomitant acute neurological presentation/diagnosis during their COVID-19 admission were shown to have lower odds of neurologic recovery ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: We found BMI abnormalities to be associated with several adverse clinical and neurologic outcomes, although such associations may be more evident with the use of race-specific BMI criteria. Graphical abstract: Image 1